A phosphinate-based red fluorescent probe for imaging the superoxide radical anion generated by RAW264. 7 macrophages
Abstract
4′,9′‐Bis(diphenylphosphinyl)naphthofluorescein (PNF‐1) has been designed and synthesized as a highly selective, sensitive, cell‐permeable, red fluorescent probe for detecting O 2.− in biological systems. The design strategy for the probe is based on the nucleophilic mechanism of O 2.− to mediate deprotection of the probe to naphthofluorescein, the emission spectrum of which is just in the spectral region of low background fluorescence interference in biological systems. Upon treatment with O 2.−, the probe exhibits a strong fluorescence response and high selectivity for O 2.−, rather than other reactive oxygen species or biological compounds. A linear calibration curve for PNF‐1 showed a detection limit of 0.1 n M O 2.−. This new type of fluorescent probe allows nanomolar changes in O 2.− concentrations in living cells to be detected by confocal microscopy.
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Fluorescent probes (c) and (d) designed by Tang and co-workers function based on the nucleophilic property of O2•− involved in deprotection of diphenylphosphinate residues attached to a fluorescein probe or a naphthofluorescein probe.
“The fluorescent probes (c) and (d) were designed by Tang and co-workers, and their functions are based on the nucleophilic property of O2•− which is involved in the deprotection of the diphenylphosphinate residues attached to the fluorescein probe [166] (c), Figure 67, or the naphthofluorescein probe [167] (d).”
From Superoxide Anion Chemistry—Its Role at the Core of the Innate Immunity (2023) · cites this paper as [167]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Xu, K., Liu, X., & Tang, B.
- Affiliations
- Shandong Normal University (CN)
- Venue
- ChemBioChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-02-19
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 453-458
- ISSN
- 1439-4227 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-7633
- OpenAlex
- W1982359906
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ChemBioChem (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- superoxide, fluorescent probes, phosphinates, red fluorescence, RAW 264.7 macrophages, reactive oxygen species, confocal microscopy imaging, cell-permeable probes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Fluorescent Dyes, Indicators and Reagents, Macrophages, Superoxides, Superoxide Dismutase, Reactive Oxygen Species, Fluorescein, Mice
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