The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Distribution of vesicular glutamate transporter mRNA in rat hypothalamus
Abstract
Two isoforms of the vesicular glutamate transporter, VGLUT1 and VGLUT2, were recently cloned and biophysically characterized. Both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 specifically transport glutamate into synaptic vesicles, making them definitive markers for neurons using glutamate as a neurotransmitter. The present study takes advantage of the specificity of the vesicular transporters to afford the first detailed map of putative glutamatergic neurons in the rat hypothalamus. In situ hybridization analysis was used to map hypothalamic distributions of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 mRNAs. VGLUT2 is clearly the predominant vesicular transporter mRNA found in the hypothalamus; rich expression can be documented in regions regulating energy balance (ventromedial hypothalamus), neuroendocrine function (preoptic nuclei), autonomic tone (posterior hypothalamus), and behavioral/homeostatic integration (lateral hypothalamus, mammillary nuclei). Expression of VGLUT1 is decidedly more circumspect and is confined to relatively weak labeling in lateral hypothalamic regions, neuroendocrine nuclei, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Importantly, dual-label analysis revealed no incidence of colocalization of VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNAs in glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65-positive neurons, indicating that GABA neurons do not express either transporter. Our data support a major role for hypothalamic glutamatergic neurons in regulation of all aspects of hypothalamic function.
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“It is known that glutamate transporters, particularity VGLUT2, are highly expressed in the hypothalamus, including OX neurons (Ziegler et al., 2002, Rosin et al., 2003)”
From A Functional Link between AMPK and Orexin Mediates the Effect of BMP8B on Energy Balance (2016) · cites this paper as Ziegler et al., 2002
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Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses
Ulrich-Lai, Y. M., & Herman, J. P. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2647 · Cited by 3,318
“Glutamatergic, GABAergic and peptidergic neurons are highly intermingled in this region, making it difficult to predict its net impact on stress response”
BackgroundSelf-citationHerman, J. P., Figueiredo, H., Mueller, N. K., Ulrich-Lai, Y., Ostrander, M. M., Choi, D. C., & Cullinan, W. E. (2003) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.07.001 · Cited by 1,586
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“Many neurons in this region express the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Hur and Zaborszky, 2005; Ziegler et al., 2002) but whether these glutamatergic neurons promote arousal remains to be determined.”
BackgroundLeptin Action on GABAergic Neurons Prevents Obesity and Reduces Inhibitory Tone to POMC Neurons
Vong, L., Ye, C., Yang, Z., Choi, B. J., Chua, S. C., & Lowell, B. B. (2011) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.028 · Cited by 1,237
Dhillon, H., Zigman, J. M., Ye, C., Lee, C. E., McGovern, R. A., Tang, V., Kenny, C. D., Christiansen, L. M., White, R. D., Edelstein, E. A., et al. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.12.021 · Cited by 791
“Based upon the heavy expression of VGLUT2 (glutamate synaptic vesicle transport protein) in the VMH and the relative absence of other neurotransmitter synaptic vesicle transport proteins in the VMH (Collin et al., 2003; Ziegler et al., 2002 ), it is likely that the majority of VMH neurons are glutamatergic.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Ziegler, D. R., Cullinan, W. E., & Herman, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Marquette University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Herman, James P.
- ORCID
- Herman, James P.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-05-21
- Volume
- 448
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 217-229
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W1977741133
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29mh056577-05, 5f31mh011980-02, 5r03mh060819-03)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH 60819, MH49698, MH56577, MH 11980)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Keywords
- vesicular glutamate transporter, VGLUT1, VGLUT2, hypothalamus, glutamatergic neurons, glutamatergic neurotransmission, mRNA distribution, ventromedial hypothalamus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral hypothalamus, mammillary nuclei, GABAergic neurons, energy balance, neuroendocrine function, autonomic regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Carrier Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Glutamate Decarboxylase, Hypothalamus, Male, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, RNA, Messenger, Synaptic Vesicles, Biomarkers, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In Situ Hybridization, Glutamic Acid, Membrane Transport Proteins, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1, Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2, Rats
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