GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR-RELATED GENES: GENOTYPE AND BRAIN GENE EXPRESSION RELATIONSHIPS TO SUICIDE AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: Research Article: Glucocorticoid Receptor-Related Genes and Suicide
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INTRODUCTION: We tested the relationship between genotype, gene expression and suicidal behavior and major depressive disorder (MDD) in live subjects and postmortem samples for three genes, associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, suicidal behavior, and MDD; FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5), Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 2 (SKA2), and Glucocorticoid Receptor (NR3C1). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes were tested for association with suicidal behavior and MDD in a live (N = 277) and a postmortem sample (N = 209). RNA-seq was used to examine gene and isoform-level brain expression postmortem (Brodmann Area 9; N = 59). Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) relationships were examined using a public database (UK Brain Expression Consortium). RESULTS: We identified a haplotype within the FKBP5 gene, present in 47% of the live subjects, which was associated with increased risk of suicide attempt (OR = 1.58, t = 6.03, P = .014). Six SNPs on this gene, three SNPs on SKA2, and one near NR3C1 showed before-adjustment association with attempted suicide, and two SNPs of SKA2 with suicide death, but none stayed significant after adjustment for multiple testing. Only the SKA2 SNPs were related to expression in the prefrontal cortex (pFCTX). One NR3C1 transcript had lower expression in suicide relative to nonsuicide sudden death cases (b = -0.48, SE = 0.12, t = -4.02, adjusted P = .004). CONCLUSION: We have identified an association of FKBP5 haplotype with risk of suicide attempt and found an association between suicide and altered NR3C1 gene expression in the pFCTX. Our findings further implicate hypothalamic pituitary axis dysfunction in suicidal behavior.
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Suicide risk may be mediated by genetic and epigenetic effects of stress response genes.
“Suicide risk may be mediated by genetic and epigenetic effects of stress response genes (58-61).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [58]
Glucocorticoid receptors are subject to genetic effects via chaperone proteins such as SKA1 and FKBP5, as well as epigenetic changes observed after maternal deprivation in rats and in suicide decedents with childhood adversity.
“Glucocorticoid receptors are subject to genetic effects via chaperone proteins like SKA1 and FKBP5 (58, 148, 149), as well as epigenetic changes (i.e., methylation) observed in response to maternal deprivation in rats (150) and in suicide decedents with a history of childhood adversity (60).”
From A brain-centric model of suicidal behavior (2020) · cites this paper as [58]
FKBP5 is a critical regulator of glucocorticoid receptor activity and thus HPA function.
“the FKB506 binding protein 51 gene (FKBP5) is a critical regulator of glucocorticoid receptor activity (and thus HPA function too)”
From Efficacy, cost-utility and physiological effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Behavioural Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD) in patients with chronic low back pain and depression: study protocol of a randomised, controlled trial including mobile-technology-based ecological momentary assessment (IMPACT study) (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
The interaction of FKBP5 with distal and proximal stressors has not been previously examined in comorbid chronic pain and depression.
“its interaction with distal and proximal stressors has not been previously examined in comorbid chronic pain and depression.”
From Efficacy, cost-utility and physiological effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Behavioural Activation Treatment for Depression (BATD) in patients with chronic low back pain and depression: study protocol of a randomised, controlled trial including mobile-technology-based ecological momentary assessment (IMPACT study) (2020) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Yin, H., Galfalvy, H., Pantazatos, S. P., Huang, Y.-Y., Rosoklija, G. B., Dwork, A. J., Burke, A., Arango, V., Oquendo, M. A., & Mann, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Nanfang Hospital (CN)
- Columbia University (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Department of Psychiatry; Columbia University; New York New York
- Corresponding author
- Galfalvy, Hanga
- ORCID
- Venue
- Depression and Anxiety
- Publisher
- Hindawi Limited
- Published
- 2016-03-31
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 531-540
- ISSN
- 1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4889464
- OpenAlex
- W2320259336
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 5.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIMH (5R01MH082041, R01MH40210, P50MH62185)
- Paul Janssen Translational Neuroscience Postdoctoral Fellowship
- Astra-Zeneca
- Bristol Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly
- Janssen
- Otsuko
- Pfizer
- Sanofi-Aventis
- Shire
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- suicide, major depressive disorder, glucocorticoid receptor, NR3C1, FKBP5, SKA2, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, suicide attempts, suicide mortality, prefrontal cortex gene expression, single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, expression quantitative trait loci, postmortem brain, sudden death
- MeSH terms
- Tacrolimus Binding Protein 5, Adult, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Genotype, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Suicide, Prefrontal Cortex, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
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