Irisin increases the expression of anorexigenic and neurotrophic genes in mouse brain
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Irisin, a newly discovered muscle-derived hormone, acts in different organs and tissues, improving energy homeostasis. In this study, we assessed, for the first time, the effects of intraperitoneal irisin injections on circulating levels of leptin and ghrelin, mRNA expression of the major hypothalamic appetite regulators and brain neurotrophic factors, as well as feeding behaviour in healthy mice. METHODS: Twelve male 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomized into two groups and intraperitoneally injected daily with irisin (0.5 μg/g body weight) or vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) for 14 days. On the last day of observation, leptin and ghrelin levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). mRNA levels of genes of interest were analysed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in brain extracts. RESULTS: Irisin administration did not change leptin or ghrelin serum concentrations. However, irisin injection increased CART, POMC, NPY, and BDNF mRNA levels, without affecting the mRNA expression of AgRP, orexin, PMCH, and UCP2. Finally, over the time frame of irisin treatment, body weight and feeding behaviour were unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that intraperitoneal injection of irisin, although without effects on feeding behaviour and body weight, can increase the expression of anorexigenic and neurotrophic genes in mouse brain.
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Exercise-induced irisin may promote brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) synthesis in the CNS.
“Third, exercise-induced irisin may promote brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) synthesis in the CNS [7,67,68]; BDNF is a peptide known to possess central anorexigenic effects and to promote increased energy expenditure by increasing sympathetic outflow [246] (3).”
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“Irisin Ob: ↑ [39]+; T2DM: ↓ [39]+ AE: ↑ (aerobic or resistance) [40]+ CE: ↓? (aerobic or resistance) [41]+ ↑ (via PGC-1α): cold-induced shivering [42], ↑AMP:ATP ratio (via AMPK-PGC-1α pathway), FGF21* [43], and METRNL (via ↑PGC-1α4)* [44] ↓: proinflammatory cytokines [45] (possibly via NF-kB-mediated inhibition of PGC…”
BackgroundInfluentialIrisin, an exercise-induced bioactive peptide beneficial for health promotion during aging process
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- Authors
- Natalicchio, A., Marrano, N., Biondi, G., Dipaola, L., Spagnuolo, R., Cignarelli, A., Perrini, S., Laviola, L., & Giorgino, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Giorgino, Francesco
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-12-19
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e3238-e3238
- ISSN
- 1520-7552 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-7560
- OpenAlex
- W2990857710
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 2.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- irisin, hypothalamic regulation of appetite, neurotrophic factors, CART, proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, agouti-related protein, orexin, UCP2, leptin, ghrelin, feeding behaviour, body weight, brain gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Orexins, Uncoupling Protein 2, Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Protein, Animals, Brain, Fibronectins, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuropeptide Y, Pro-Opiomelanocortin, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Leptin, Mice, Agouti-Related Protein, Ghrelin
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