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Cited by 179Meteorological Phenomena and SimulationsClimate variability and modelsAtmospheric aerosols and clouds

Influence of entrainment on the thermal stratification in simulations of radiative‐convective equilibrium

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Singh, Martin S., O'Gorman, Paul A.·2013·Geophysical Research Letters
DOI 10.1002/grl.50796
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Abstract

Convective available potential energy (CAPE) is shown to increase rapidly with warming in simulations of radiative‐convective equilibrium over a wide range of surface temperatures. The increase in CAPE implies a systematic deviation of the thermal stratification from moist adiabatic that is non‐negligible at high temperatures. However, cloud buoyancy remains much smaller than what CAPE would imply because entrainment is more effective in reducing buoyancy in warmer atmospheres. An entraining plume model in the limit of zero cloud buoyancy is shown to reproduce the increase in CAPE with warming if the entrainment rate is held fixed and increases in the vertical extent of convection are taken into account. These model results together with radiosonde observations are used to support a conceptual model in which entrainment plays a role in determining the thermal stratification of the tropical atmosphere.

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Crossref · 10.1002/grl.50796

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  • As the atmosphere warms, the thermal stratification remains close to neutral to a strongly entraining plume, and this implies increases in CAPE (calculated based on a non-entraining parcel) and increases in updraft velocities for more weakly entraining plumes.

    “as the atmosphere warms, the thermal stratification remains close to neutral to a strongly entraining plume, and this implies increases in CAPE (calculated based on a non-entraining parcel) and increases in updraft velocities for more weakly entraining plumes [76, 78].”

    From Precipitation Extremes Under Climate Change (2015) · cites this paper as [76]

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Authors
Singh, M. S., & O'Gorman, P. A.
Affiliations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Singh, Martin S.
ORCID
Venue
Geophysical Research Letters
Publisher
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Published
2013-08-27
Volume
40
Issue
16
Pages
4398-4403
ISSN
  • 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
  • 1944-8007
DOI
10.1002/grl.50796
OpenAlex
W2169126836
Cited by
179
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6
FWCI
4.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Geophysical Research Letters (publishedVersion)
  • DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • U.S. Department of Energy
  • Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
Keywords
entrainment, thermal stratification, radiative-convective equilibrium, convective available potential energy, tropical atmosphere, warming

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