Ultrasound assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid phase extraction of lovastatin and simvastatin: A new pretreatment procedure
Abstract
A fast and novel sample preparation procedure: ultrasound assisted ionic liquid (IL) dispersive liquid extraction for the concentration of lovastatin and simvastatin in aqueous samples was developed. An IL ([C(6)MIM][PF(6)]) was used as the extraction solvent, and the factors affecting the extraction efficiency such as initial temperature, the volume of IL, pH of water samples, cooling time, and salt concentration were optimized. In combination with HPLC-UV, both lovastatin and simvastatin exhibited a good linear range of 1-100 ng/mL. The limits of detection (LODs) of lovastatin and simvastatin were 0.17 and 0.29 ng/mL, respectively. Precisions of the proposed method (RSDs, n = 9) were 4.12 and 4.52%, respectively. This method has been successfully applied for the analysis of target compounds in three real water samples and good spiking recoveries were obtained in the range of 90.0-102.2% for lovastatin and 80.5-112.0% for simvastatin. These results indicated that ultrasound assisted IL dispersive liquid phase extraction would have good application prospect in the pretreatment of environmental samples.
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Dispersion in DLLME can be achieved by ultrasound or by repeatedly aspiring and injecting the sample with the disperser solvent.
“In other cases, dispersion is by ultrasound [17] or repeatedly aspiring and injecting the sample with the disperser solvent [18,19].”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [17]
Pharmaceuticals are an important group of analytes that have been the objective of DLLME procedures, including antibiotics, tricyclic antidepressant drugs, clenbuterol, hypnotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs, and cholesterol-lowering agents.
“Another important group of analytes that have been the objective of DLLME procedures are pharmaceuticals (see Table 2) {e.g., antibiotics [58,68,71], tricyclic antidepressant drugs [69], clenbuterol [70], hypnotic drugs [72], psychotropic drugs [73], anti-inflammatory drugs [65] and cholesterol lowering agents [17]}.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [17]
IL-DLLME has a drawback of a wide peak at the beginning of the chromatogram corresponding to the IL.
“As can be seen, at the beginning of the chromatogram, there appeared a wide peak, corresponding to the IL - one of the main drawbacks of using IL-DLLME, as already reported [14-19,32,38,47,50,65-67] -although, in this case, it did not interfere at all in the separation.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [17]
The use of IL in DLLME resulted in a wide peak at the beginning of the chromatogram, but it did not interfere with correct identification and quantification of the analytes.
“The use of IL in DLLME resulted in the presence of a wide peak at the beginning of the chromatogram, as also happened on other occasions for different types of analytes. However, it did not interfere with correct identification and quantification of the analytes.”
From Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of organic analytes (2010) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Mao, T., Hao, B., He, J., Li, W., Li, S., & Yu, Z.
- Affiliations
- Huazhong Agricultural University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- He, Jin
- Yu, Ziniu
- Venue
- Journal of Separation Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-08-27
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 3029-3033
- ISSN
- 1615-9306 (ISSN-L)
- 1615-9314
- OpenAlex
- W2110077286
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2020: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Separation Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Ionic liquids properties and applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Keywords
- ultrasound-assisted extraction, ionic liquids, lovastatin, simvastatin, sample preparation, water analysis, environmental analysis, HPLC-UV
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Lovastatin, Salts, Ultrasonics, Water, Simvastatin
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