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Cited by 230Laser Material Processing TechniquesQuantum Information and CryptographyPhotonic and Optical Devices

Laser written circuits for quantum photonics

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Meany, Thomas, Gräfe, Markus, Heilmann, René, Perez‐Leija, Armando, Gross, Simon, Steel, Michael J., Withford, Michael J., Szameit, Alexander·2015·Laser & Photonics Reviews
DOI 10.1002/lpor.201500061
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Abstract

The femtosecond laser direct‐writing (FLDW) of waveguide circuits in glasses has seen interest from a number of fields over the previous 20 years. It has evolved from a curiosity to a viable platform for the rapid prototyping of small scale circuits. The field of quantum information science has exploited this capability and in the process advanced the fabrication technique. In this review the technological aspects of the laser inscription method relevant to quantum information science will be discussed. A range of demonstrations which have been enabled by laser written circuits will be outlined; these include novel circuits, simulations, photon sources and detection. This places the FLDW technique among the few integrated optical platforms to have produced individually every component required for scalable quantum computation. image

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  • For typical birefringence n_s,H - n_s,V ≃ 1×10^-4 at λ ≃ 815 nm found in femtosecond-laser-written waveguides, the largest photon antibunching (Δφ=π) is observed for a length mismatch s - T ≃ 4 mm.

    “For example, let as consider a typical birefringence n s,H -n s,V ≃ 1 × 10 -4 at λ ≃ 815 nm found in femtosecond-laser-written waveguides [42, 43]. The largest photon antibunching (∆ ϕ = π ) is observed for a length mismatch s -T ≃ 4 mm.”

    From Equivalence principle and quantum mechanics: quantum simulation with entangled photons (2018) · cites this paper as [42]

    Section 3.1 (page unavailable) reports inherent birefringence of 10⁻⁶–10⁻⁴ in laser-written waveguides, so the cited value is within its reported range. It does not establish 10⁻⁴ as typical specifically at 815 nm. The citation is attached to the birefringence sentence, not the subsequent statement about antibunching and a 4 mm length mismatch. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • If the waveguide shows a weak birefringence, the refractive index n_s takes slightly different values n_s,H and n_s,V depending on the polarization state (horizontal H or vertical V) of the excitation wave.

    “If the waveguide shows a weak birefringence, as it happens for instance in waveguides currently used in integrated quantum photonics circuits [42], the refractive index n s takes slightly different values, n s,H and n s,V , depending on the polarization state (horizontal H or vertical V) of the excitation wave [42,43].”

    From Equivalence principle and quantum mechanics: quantum simulation with entangled photons (2018) · cites this paper as [42]

  • The paper experimentally demonstrates tomography of spatially entangled mixed or pure states of two indistinguishable photons using a specially designed on-chip laser-written waveguide circuit.

    “We experimentally demonstrate our approach by performing tomography of spatially entangled mixed or pure states of two indistinguishable photons, using a specially designed on-chip laser-written waveguide circuit.27”

    From Scalable on-chip quantum state tomography (2018) · cites this paper as [27]

    The paper’s section 6 describes process tomography of a polarization-encoded CNOT circuit, while section 4.2 discusses verifying W-state entanglement as an alternative to state tomography. Neither passage describes tomography of spatially entangled mixed or pure states of two indistinguishable photons. A search for that specific experiment in our copy found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Authors
Meany, T., Gräfe, M., Heilmann, R., Perez‐Leija, A., Gross, S., Steel, M. J., Withford, M. J., & Szameit, A.
Affiliations
  • Centre for Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (AU)
  • Friedrich Schiller University Jena (DE)
  • Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich‐Schiller‐Universität Jena Max‐Wien‐Platz 1 Jena 07743 Germany
Corresponding author
Meany, Thomas
ORCID
Venue
Laser & Photonics Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2015-07
Volume
9
Issue
4
Pages
363-384
ISSN
  • 1863-8880 (ISSN-L)
  • 1863-8899
DOI
10.1002/lpor.201500061
OpenAlex
W1855283590
Cited by
230
References
141
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 3
FWCI
20.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 20 d)
Locations
Laser & Photonics Review (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CE110001018)
  • PICQUE (608062)
  • Macquarie University Research Fellowship
  • Seventh Framework Programme for Research of the European Commission, under the Initial Training Network PICQUE (608062)
  • Center for Innovation Competence program (03Z1HN31)
  • Research group Spacetime (11027-514)
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (NO462/6-1)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Computational Mechanics › Laser Material Processing Techniques
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Photonic and Optical Devices
Keywords
femtosecond laser direct writing, waveguide circuits, glass waveguides, quantum photonics, quantum information, integrated photonics, photon sources, photon detection, quantum computing, circuit prototyping

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