Cited by 88Gut microbiota and healthAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsDrug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms

Expert insights: the potential role of the gut microbiome-bile acid-brain axis in the development and progression of alzheimer’s disease and hepatic encephalopathy

Jia, Wei, Rajani, Cynthia, Kaddurah‐Daouk, Rima, Li, Houkai·2020·Medicinal Research Reviews

Abstract

Recent epidemiological and molecular studies have linked the disruption of cholesterol homeostasis to increased risk for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Emerging evidence also suggests that brain cholesterol accumulation contributes to the progression of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) via bile acid (BA)-mediated effects on the farnesoid X receptor. In this perspective paper, we reviewed several recently published studies that suggested a role for the gut microbiota transformation of BAs as a factor in AD and HE development/progression. We hypothesize that in addition to cholesterol elimination pathways, alteration of the gut microbiota and subsequent changes in both the serum and brain BA profiles are mechanistically involved in the development of both AD and HE, and thus, are a potential target for the prevention and treatment of the two diseases. Our understanding of the microbiome-BAs-brain axis in central nervous system disease is still evolving, and critical questions regarding the emerging links among central, peripheral, and intestinal metabolic failures contributing to brain health and disease during aging have yet to be addressed.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/med.21653

Cites

56 of 56 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Changes in the GM's composition correspond to changes in blood and brain BA profiles, and specific BA ligands' physicochemical properties determine the potency of BA receptor activation.

    “Changes in the GM’s composition correspond to changes in blood and brain BA profiles, which are essential because specific BA ligands’ distinct physicochemical properties determine the potency of BA receptor activation (320–323).”
  • Microbes create neurotoxic substances such as D-lactate, homocysteine, and ammonia that can pass through the BBB and affect cognition.

    “Microbes also create neurotoxic substances such as D-lactate, homocysteine, and ammonia, which can pass through the BBB and affect cognition (321).”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 57 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Jia, W., Rajani, C., Kaddurah‐Daouk, R., & Li, H.
Affiliations
  • University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
  • Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Medicine, Duke Institute of Brain Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina
  • Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Jia, Wei
  • Li, Houkai
Venue
Medicinal Research Reviews
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-12-05
Volume
40
Issue
4
Pages
1496-1507
ISSN
  • 0198-6325 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-1128
OpenAlex
W2992358021
Cited by
88
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6
FWCI
2.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Medicinal Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81673662, 81873059)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
Keywords
gut microbiota, bile acids, Alzheimer's disease, hepatic encephalopathy, cholesterol homeostasis, farnesoid X receptor, bile acid metabolism, aging, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms
Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Alzheimer Disease, Bile Acids and Salts, Brain, Hepatic Encephalopathy, Humans, Models, Biological, Disease Progression

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review