The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Flavan‐3‐ols: Nature, occurrence and biological activity
Abstract
Representing the most common flavonoid consumed in the American diet, the flavan‐3‐ols and their polymeric condensation products, the proanthocyanidins, are regarded as functional ingredients in various beverages, whole and processed foods, herbal remedies and supplements. Their presence in food affects food quality parameters such as astringency, bitterness, sourness, sweetness, salivary viscosity, aroma, and color formation. The ability of flavan‐3‐ols to aid food functionality has also been established in terms of microbial stability, foamability, oxidative stability, and heat stability. While some foods only contain monomeric flavan‐3‐ols [(–)‐epicatechin predominates] and dimeric proanthocyanidins, most foods contain oligomers of degree of polymerization values ranging from 1–10 or greater than 10. Flavan‐3‐ols have been reported to exhibit several health beneficial effects by acting as antioxidant, anticarcinogen, cardiopreventive, antimicrobial, anti‐viral, and neuro‐protective agents. This review summarizes the distribution and health effects of these compounds.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids
Rice-Evans, C. A., Miller, N. J., & Paganga, G. (1996) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0891-5849(95)02227-9 · Cited by 9,085
Polyphenols: Food sources and bioavailability
Manach, C., Scalbert, A., Morand, C., Rémésy, C., & Jiménez, L. (2004) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727 · Cited by 8,175
Function and Activation of NF-kappaB in the Immune System
Baeuerle, P. A., & Henkel, T. (1994) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001041 · Cited by 4,745
Bioavailability and bioefficacy of polyphenols in humans. I. Review of 97 bioavailability studies
Manach, C., Williamson, G., Morand, C., Scalbert, A., & Rémésy, C. (2005) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.230s · Cited by 4,219
Dietary polyphenols and the prevention of diseases
Scalbert, A., Manach, C., Morand, C., Rémésy, C., & Jiménez, L. (2005) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/1040869059096 · Cited by 2,999
Antimicrobial properties of tannins
Scalbert, A. (1991) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/0031-9422(91)83426-l · Cited by 2,321
Tannins and Human Health: A Review
Chung, K.-T., Wong, T. Y., Wei, C.-I., Huang, Y.-W., & Lin, Y. (1998) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408699891274273 · Cited by 1,996
Oscillations in NF-κB Signaling Control the Dynamics of Gene Expression
Nelson, D. E., Ihekwaba, A. E. C., Elliott, M., Johnson, J. R., Gibney, C. A., Foreman, B. E., Nelson, G., See, V., Horton, C. A., Spiller, D. G., et al. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1099962 · Cited by 1,186
Yilmaz, Y., & Toledo, R. T. (2006) · Journal of Food Composition and Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2004.10.009 · Cited by 375
Kao, Y. C., Zhou, C., Sherman, M., Laughton, C. A., & Chen, S. (1998) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.9810685 · Cited by 338
Cited by
Del Rio, D., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Spencer, J. P. E., Tognolini, M., Borges, G., & Crozier, A. (2013) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2012.4581 · Cited by 2,601
Synthetic and natural iron chelators: Therapeutic potential and clinical use
Hatcher, H. C., Singh, R. N., Torti, F. M., & Torti, S. V. (2009) · Future Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.4155/fmc.09.121 · Cited by 242
Sesso, H. D., Manson, J. E., Aragaki, A. K., Rist, P. M., Johnson, L. G., Friedenberg, G., Copeland, T., Clar, A., Mora, S., Moorthy, M. V., et al. (2022) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac055 · Cited by 187
Albuquerque, B. R., Prieto, M. A., Barreiro, M. F., Rodrigues, A., Curran, T. P., Barros, L., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2017) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.10.050 · Cited by 154
Polyphenols and neuroprotection: therapeutic implications for cognitive decline
Caruso, G., Torrisi, S. A., Mogavero, M. P., Currenti, W., Castellano, S., Godos, J., Ferri, R., Galvano, F., Leggio, G. M., Grosso, G., et al. (2022) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108013 · Cited by 140
Metadata
- Authors
- Aron, P. M., & Kennedy, J. A.
- Venue
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 79-104
- ISSN
- 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-4133
- OpenAlex
- W1971005475
- Cited by
- 770
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 17.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Flavan‐3‐ols: Nature, occurrence and biological activity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/mnfr.200700137
- The paper
- Aron, P. M., & Kennedy, J. A. (2008). Flavan‐3‐ols: Nature, occurrence and biological activity. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200700137
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.