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Dietary intake and depressive symptoms: A systematic review of observational studies
Open accessAbstract
The importance of research into the possible role of dietary intake in depressive symptoms is emphasized by the fact that diet is modifiable. We systematically reviewed observational studies investigating the association between dietary intake and depressive symptoms published in English as of December 2008. Using the PubMed database, 34 publications (23 cross-sectional, 10 prospective cohort, and 1 case-control studies) were identified. The number of subjects (n=80-27,111), age of subjects (15-97 years), dietary assessment method (dietary record, diet history interview, and validated and non-validated dietary questionnaire), depressive symptom assessment (discharge diagnosis, established scale, and self-reported information) varied among studies. Dietary variables most frequently investigated included long chain n-3 PUFA, fish, folate, and other B vitamins. Most studies found no association between dietary variables and depressive symptoms. However, most studies included at least one important methodological limitation, such as no inference for causality, unreliable or rough assessment of diet or depressive symptoms, inadequate treatment of potential confounding factors, and ignorance of the possible mediating or confounding influence of other dietary variables. Further evidence from well-designed observational studies is required to confirm or refute the association between dietary intake and depressive symptoms in free-living settings.
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“According to both epidemiological and clinical studies, a reduced dietary intake of fatty acids, especially ω3, is associated with mood disorders and depression [446,447,448,449].”
From The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and Parkinson’s Disease: Implications on Diagnosis and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [446]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Murakami, K., & Sasaki, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Murakami, Kentaro
- Venue
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 471-488
- ISSN
- 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-4133
- OpenAlex
- W2063684834
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- dietary intake, depressive symptoms, depression, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish consumption, folic acid, B vitamins, diet and mental health, observational study limitations, confounding
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Animals, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Diet, Female, Fishes, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Vitamin B Complex, Cohort Studies, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Case-Control Studies
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