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Efficacy of bioactive compounds from extra virgin olive oil to modulate atherosclerosis development

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Lou‐Bonafonte, José M., Arnal, Carmen, Navarro, María A., Osada, Jesús·2012·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

Abstract

As olive oil is the main source of calories in the Mediterranean diet, a great deal of research has been devoted to characterizing its role in atherosclerosis. Virgin olive oil is an oily matrix that contains hydrocarbons, mainly squalene; triterpenes such as uvaol, erythrodiol, oleanolic, and maslinic acid; phytosterols; and a wide range of phenolic compounds comprising simple phenols, flavonoids, secoiridoids, and lignans. In this review, we analyze the studies dealing with atherosclerosis and olive oil in several species. A protective role of virgin olive oil against atherosclerosis has been shown in ApoE‐deficient mice and hamsters. In the former animal, sex, dose, and dietary cholesterol are modulators of the outcome. Contradictory findings have been reported for rabbits, a circumstance that could be due to the profusion of experimental designs, differing in terms of doses and animal strains, as well as sources of olive oils. This role has yet to be fully validated in humans. Minor components of olive oil have been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis protection. Nevertheless, evidence of the potential of isolated compounds or the right combination of them to achieve the antiatherosclerotic effect of virgin olive oil is inconclusive and will undoubtedly require further experimental support.

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Crossref · 10.1002/mnfr.201100668

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  • Pentacyclic triterpenes, secondary metabolites abundant in the unsaponifiable fraction of OPO, may have contributed to the reduction in plasma lipids observed in the present study, since they have been suggested to play a role in the treatment and management of CVD.

    “Indeed, pentacyclic triterpenes, secondary metabolites abundant in the unsaponifiable fraction of OPO, may have contributed to the reduction in plasma lipids observed in the present study, since they have been suggested to play a role in the treatment and management of CVD [25].”
  • Trials in several animal models have reported reductions in serum TC, TG, LDL-C or VLDL-C and/or increased HDL-C concentrations following oral administration of different doses of MA, OA or high but not low doses of ursolic acid.

    “Trials in several animal models have also reported reductions in serum TC, TG, LDL-C or VLDL-C and/or increased HDL-C concentrations following oral administration of different doses (15–100 mg/kg/d) of MA [reviewed in 26], OA (5–25 mg/kg/d) [25–29] or high (200 mg/kg/d) but not low (50 mg/kg/d) doses of ursolic acid (UA) [30].”

    From Olive pomace oil can improve blood lipid profile: a randomized, blind, crossover, controlled clinical trial in healthy and at-risk volunteers (2022) · cites this paper as [25]

    The citation to this review is attached specifically to the maslinic acid (MA) claim. Section 6.2 reports MA effects on LDL peroxidation and hepatic gene expression, but our copy does not report reductions in serum lipids, increased HDL-C, or the stated 15–100 mg/kg/day dose range for MA. Searches for MA lipid-profile outcomes and that dose range found no supporting passage; page numbers were unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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2 of the 157 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 12

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Authors
Lou‐Bonafonte, J. M., Arnal, C., Navarro, M. A., & Osada, J.
Affiliations
  • Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón‐ Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
  • Universidad de Zaragoza (ES)
  • CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición Instituto de Salud Carlos III Zaragoza Spain
Corresponding author
Osada, Jesús
Venue
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-07
Volume
56
Issue
7
Pages
1043-1057
ISSN
  • 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
  • 1613-4133
OpenAlex
W1980563083
Cited by
98
References
157
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
FWCI
0.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zaguan (University of Zaragoza Repository) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nuts composition and effects
Keywords
extra virgin olive oil, atherosclerosis, bioactive compounds, phenolic compounds, secoiridoids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phytosterols, ApoE-deficient mice, hamster, rabbits, dietary cholesterol, sex differences, anti-atherosclerotic effects
MeSH terms
Olive Oil, Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Antioxidants, Apolipoproteins E, Disease Models, Animal, Fruit, Humans, Phenols, Phytosterols, Plant Oils, Triterpenes, Olea, Diet, Mediterranean, Atherosclerosis, Functional Food

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