Cited by 240Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and ApplicationsNMR spectroscopy and applicationsAdvanced MRI Techniques and Applications

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Water diffusion in the giant axon of the squid: implications for diffusion-weighted MRI of the nervous system

Beaulieu, Christian, Allen, Peter S.·1994·Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

DOI 10.1002/mrm.1910320506

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Abstract

To clarify the result that marked diffusional anisotropy had been found in nomyelinated nerve, and in completion of an evaluation of the role of all longitudinal axonal structures, we report NMR measurements of water diffusion in the giant axon of the squid, where diffusional anisotropy is determined by the neurofilamentary structure. The diffusion coefficients of water parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the squid giant axon at 20 degrees C are (1.61 +/- 0.06) x 10(-5) cm2 s-1 and (1.33 +/- 0.09) x 10(-5) cm2 s-1, respectively, which yield an anisotropic diffusion ratio of 1.2 +/- 0.1. Water diffusion in the squid giant axon is therefore quite rapid and nearly isotropic, thus eliminating the possibility of a significant role for the longitudinally oriented neurofilaments in producing diffusional anisotropy within the axoplasm. In conjunction with our work on garfish nerves therefore, only membranes, either as numerous axonal membranes or as myelin (if present), remain to fulfill the role of the primary determinant of anisotropic water diffusion in nerve and in white matter.

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Authors: Beaulieu, C., & Allen, P. S.
Affiliations: University of Alberta (CA)
Corresponding author: Allen, Peter S.
ORCID: Beaulieu, Christian
Venue: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1994-11
Volume: 32
Issue: 5
Pages: 579-583
ISSN: 0740-3194 (ISSN-L)
1522-2594
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910320506
OpenAlex: W2005760428
Cited by: 240
References: 15
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 3.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 4035 d)
Locations: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › NMR spectroscopy and applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Keywords: water diffusion, squid giant axon, diffusion-weighted imaging, neurofilaments, axoplasm, myelin, axonal membrane, white matter, diffusion coefficient
MeSH terms: Animals, Axons, Cell Membrane, Computer Simulation, Cytoplasm, Diffusion, Image Enhancement, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Models, Neurological, Monte Carlo Method, Myelin Sheath, Nervous System, Neurofibrils, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Water, Decapodiformes

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Water diffusion in the giant axon of the squid: implications for diffusion-weighted MRI of the nervous system

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