A serological assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in humans
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Here, we describe a serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the screening and identification of human SARS-CoV-2 seroconverters. This assay does not require the handling of infectious virus, can be adjusted to detect different antibody types in serum and plasma and is amenable to scaling. Serological assays are of critical importance to help define previous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in populations, identify highly reactive human donors for convalescent plasma therapy and investigate correlates of protection.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The ELISA was validated with 910 prepandemic serum samples, 174 PCR-defined SARS-CoV-2 case sera, and a five-sera NIBSC panel.
“We validated a widely used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for SARS-CoV-2 IgG (15) with 910 serum samples from the prepandemic period and 174 sera from polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–defined SARS-CoV-2 cases, and a well-characterized five-sera panel from the National Institute of Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC) in the UK.”
From Seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
The RBD and whole-spike ELISA responses were highly correlated, with very little interassay variation.
“As previously noted (15), the RBD and whole-spike ELISA responses were highly correlated (fig. S3C), with very little interassay variation (fig. S4).”
From Seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors (2021) · cites this paper as [15]
The common cold coronavirus HCoV-229E generates antigenic variants that resist older sera yet stay sensitive to current sera.
“but the common cold coronavirus HCoV-229E evolves antigenic variants that are comparatively resistant to the older sera but remain sensitive to contemporaneous sera50.”
From mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants (2021) · cites this paper as [50]
Both the full-length S protein and the RBD itself are immunogenic and induce a strong protective neutralizing antibody response after recognition by the immune system.
“Both the full-length S protein and the RBD itself are immunogenic and induce a strong protective neutralizing antibody response after recognition by the immune system.62,63”
From COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Platforms and current developments (2022) · cites this paper as [62]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Zhou, P., Yang, X.-L., Wang, X.-G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H.-R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C.-L., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7 · Cited by 21,969 · see citing works
Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575 · see citing works
A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
Wu, F., Zhao, S., Yu, B., Chen, Y.-M., Wang, W., Song, Z.-G., Hu, Y., Tao, Z.-W., Tian, J.-H., Pei, Y.-Y., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3 · Cited by 11,688 · see citing works
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
Wrapp, D., Wang, N., Corbett, K. S., Goldsmith, J. A., Hsieh, C.-L., Abiona, O., Graham, B. S., & McLellan, J. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb2507 · Cited by 8,897 · see citing works
Structure, function and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Walls, A. C., Park, Y.-J., Tortorici, M. A., Wall, A., McGuire, A. T., & Veesler, D. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.19.956581 · Cited by 8,586 · see citing works
Letko, M., Marzi, A., & Munster, V. (2020) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-020-0688-y · Cited by 3,109 · see citing works
Treatment of 5 Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 With Convalescent Plasma
Shen, C., Wang, Z., Zhao, F., Yang, Y., Li, J., Yuan, J., Wang, F., Li, D., Yang, M., Xing, L., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.4783 · Cited by 2,278 · see citing works
Structure of SARS Coronavirus Spike Receptor-Binding Domain Complexed with Receptor
Li, F., Li, W., Farzan, M., & Harrison, S. C. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1116480 · Cited by 2,031 · see citing works
Okba, N. M. A., Müller, M. A., Li, W., Wang, C., GeurtsvanKessel, C. H., Corman, V. M., Lamers, M. M., Sikkema, R. S., de Bruin, E., Chandler, F. D., et al. (2020) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2607.200841 · Cited by 1,614 · see citing works
A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV
Yuan, M., Wu, N. C., Zhu, X., Lee, C.-C. D., So, R. T. Y., Lv, H., Mok, C. K. P., & Wilson, I. A. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb7269 · Cited by 1,405 · see citing works
Tian, X., Li, C., Huang, A., Xia, S., Lu, S., Shi, Z., Lu, L., Jiang, S., Yang, Z., Wu, Y., et al. (2020) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069 · Cited by 1,239 · see citing works
Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen
Pallesen, J., Wang, N., Corbett, K. S., Wrapp, D., Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Turner, H. L., Cottrell, C. A., Becker, M. M., Wang, L., Shi, W., et al. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1707304114 · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Huang, A. T., Garcia-Carreras, B., Hitchings, M. D. T., Yang, B., Katzelnick, L. C., Rattigan, S. M., Borgert, B. A., Moreno, C. A., Solomon, B. D., Trimmer-Smith, L., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18450-4 · Cited by 1,026 · see citing works
(2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1101/2020.04.14.20065771 · Cited by 1,019 · see citing works
Cryo-EM Structure of the 2019-nCoV Spike in the Prefusion ConformationPreprint
Wrapp, D., Wang, N., Corbett, K. S., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.11.944462 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein
Kirchdoerfer, R. N., Cottrell, C. A., Wang, N., Pallesen, J., Yassine, H. M., Turner, H. L., Corbett, K. S., Graham, B. S., McLellan, J. S., & Ward, A. B. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17200 · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Stadlbauer, D., Amanat, F., Chromikova, V., Jiang, K., Strohmeier, S., Arunkumar, G. A., Tan, J., Bhavsar, D., Capuano, C., Roubidoux, E. K., et al. (2020) · Current Protocols in Microbiology · doi:10.1002/cpmc.100 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Self-citationter Meulen, J., van den Brink, E. N., Poon, L. L. M., Marissen, W. E., Leung, C. S.-W., Cox, F., Cheung, C. Y., Bakker, A. Q., Bogaards, J. A., van Deventer, E., et al. (2006) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030237 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Ortiz-Prado, E., Simbaña-Rivera, K., Gómez- Barreno, L., Rubio-Neira, M., Guaman, L. P., Kyriakidis, N. C., Muslin, C., Jaramillo, A. M. G., Barba-Ostria, C., Cevallos-Robalino, D., et al. (2020) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115094 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City area
Gonzalez-Reiche, A. S., Hernandez, M. M., Sullivan, M. J., Ciferri, B., Alshammary, H., Obla, A., Fabre, S., Kleiner, G., Polanco, J., Khan, Z., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abc1917 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Self-citationHaveri, A., Smura, T., Kuivanen, S. H., Österlund, P., Hepojoki, J., Ikonen, N., Pitkäpaasi, M., Blomqvist, S., Rönkkö, E., Kantele, A., et al. (2020) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.11.2000266 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Self-citationMERS-CoV Antibody Responses 1 Year after Symptom Onset, South Korea, 2015
Choe, P. G., Perera, R. A. P. M., Park, W. B., Song, K.-H., Bang, J. H., Kim, E. S., Kim, H. B., Ko, L. W. R., Park, S. W., Kim, N.-J., et al. (2017) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2307.170310 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoVPreprint
Yuan, M., Wu, N. C., Zhu, X., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.03.13.991570 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Tian, X., Li, C., Huang, A., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.28.923011 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Krammer, F., Margine, I., Tan, G. S., Pica, N., Krause, J. C., & Palese, P. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043603 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Self-citationMargine, I., Palese, P., & Krammer, F. (2013) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/51112 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationRajendran, M., Nachbagauer, R., Ermler, M. E., et al. (2017) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02281-16 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Wohlbold, T. J., Podolsky, K. A., Chromikova, V., Roubidoux, E. K., Falconieri, V., Meade, P. S., Amanat, F., Tan, J., tenOever, B. R., Tan, G. S., et al. (2017) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-017-0011-8 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Self-citationKhan, S., Nakajima, R., Jain, A., de Assis, R. R., Jasinskas, A., Obiero, J. M., Adenaiye, O., Tai, S., Hong, F. H., Milton, D. K., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.03.24.006544 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationBerry, J. D., Hay, K. A., Rini, J. M., Yu, M., Wang, L., Plummer, F. A., Corbett, C. R., & Andonov, A. P. (2010) · mAbs · doi:10.4161/mabs.2.1.10788 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the New York City areaPreprint
Gonzalez-Reiche, A. S., Hernandez, M. M., Sullivan, M. J., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.04.08.20056929 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Herrera, N. G., Morano, N. C., Celikgil, A., Georgiev, G. I., Malonis, R. J., Lee, J. H., Tong, K., Vergnolle, O., Massimi, A. B., Yen, L. Y., et al. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c03512 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Faustini, S. E., Jossi, S. E., Pérez-Toledo, M., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.06.16.20133025 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Antibodies to the Glycoprotein GP2 Subunit Cross-React between Old and New World Arenaviruses
Amanat, F., Duehr, J. E., Oestereich, L., Hastie, K. M., Saphire, E. O., & Krammer, F. (2018) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/msphere.00189-18 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationNovel ACE2-IgG1 fusions with improved in vitro and in vivo activity against SARS-CoV2Preprint
Iwanaga, N., Cooper, L. M., Rong, L., Beddingfield, B. J., Crabtree, J. M., Tripp, R. A., Qin, X., & Kolls, J. K. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.06.15.152157 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Amanat, F., Meade, P. S., Strohmeier, S., & Krammer, F. (2019) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2018.1564369 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationDijkstra, J. M., & Hashimoto, K. (2020) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.23458.1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection.
Dan, J. M., Mateus, J., Kato, Y., Hastie, K. M., Yu, E. D., Faliti, C. E., Grifoni, A., Ramirez, S. I., Haupt, S., Frazier, A., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abf4063 · Cited by 2,656 · see citing works
“SARS-CoV-2 ELISAs were performed as previously described (2, 5, 82).”
MethodSelf-citationZiegler, C. G. K., Allon, S. J., Nyquist, S. K., Mbano, I. M., Miao, V. N., Tzouanas, C. N., Cao, Y., Yousif, A. S., Bals, J., Hauser, B. M., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.035 · Cited by 2,284 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in development
Krammer, F. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2798-3 · Cited by 2,098 · see citing works
Self-citationAdaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
Sette, A., & Crotty, S. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.007 · Cited by 1,860 · see citing works
Convergent Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Convalescent Individuals
Robbiani, D. F., Gaebler, C., Muecksch, F., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Wang, Z., Cho, A., Agudelo, M., Barnes, C. O., Gazumyan, A., Finkin, S., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2456-9 · Cited by 1,853 · see citing works
Evolution of antibody immunity to SARS-CoV-2
Gaebler, C., Wang, Z., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Muecksch, F., Finkin, S., Tokuyama, M., Cho, A., Jankovic, M., Schaefer-Babajew, D., Oliveira, T. Y., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03207-w · Cited by 1,674 · see citing works
Sex differences in immune responses that underlie COVID-19 disease outcomes
Takahashi, T., Ellingson, M. K., Wong, P., Israelow, B., Lucas, C., Klein, J., Silva, J., Mao, T., Oh, J. E., Tokuyama, M., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2700-3 · Cited by 1,459 · see citing works
mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and circulating variants
Wang, Z., Schmidt, F., Weisblum, Y., Muecksch, F., Barnes, C. O., Finkin, S., Schaefer-Babajew, D., Cipolla, M., Gaebler, C., Lieberman, J. A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03324-6 · Cited by 1,343 · see citing works
Immunology of COVID-19: Current State of the Science
Vabret, N., Britton, G. J., Gruber, C., Hegde, S., Kim, J., Kuksin, M., Levantovsky, R., Malle, L., Moreira, A., Park, M. D., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.05.002 · Cited by 1,623 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in healthy donors and patients with COVID-19
Braun, J., Loyal, L., Frentsch, M., Wendisch, D., Georg, P., Kurth, F., Hippenstiel, S., Dingeldey, M., Kruse, B., Fauchere, F., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2598-9 · Cited by 1,310 · see citing works
Seow, J., Graham, C., Merrick, B., Acors, S., Pickering, S., Steel, K. J. A., Hemmings, O., O’Byrne, A., Kouphou, N., Galao, R. P., et al. (2020) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-020-00813-8 · Cited by 1,419 · see citing works
Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans
Mateus, J., Grifoni, A., Tarke, A., Sidney, J., Ramirez, S. I., Dan, J. M., Burger, Z. C., Rawlings, S. A., Smith, D. M., Phillips, E., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd3871 · Cited by 1,120 · see citing works
Robust neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 infection persist for months
Wajnberg, A., Amanat, F., Firpo, A., Altman, D. R., Bailey, M. J., Mansour, M., McMahon, M., Meade, P., Mendu, D. R., Muellers, K., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd7728 · Cited by 1,195 · see citing works
Self-citationPremkumar, L., Segovia-Chumbez, B., Jadi, R., Martinez, D. R., Raut, R., Markmann, A. J., Cornaby, C., Bartelt, L., Weiss, S., Park, Y., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abc8413 · Cited by 868 · see citing works
Persistence of serum and saliva antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens in COVID-19 patients
Isho, B., Abe, K. T., Zuo, M., Jamal, A. J., Rathod, B., Wang, J. H., Li, Z., Chao, G., Rojas, O. L., Bang, Y. M., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abe5511 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Comprehensive mapping of immune perturbations associated with severe COVID-19
Kuri-Cervantes, L., Pampena, M. B., Meng, W., Rosenfeld, A. M., Ittner, C. A. G., Weisman, A. R., Agyekum, R. S., Mathew, D., Baxter, A. E., Vella, L. A., et al. (2020) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abd7114 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Naturally enhanced neutralizing breadth against SARS-CoV-2 one year after infection
Wang, Z., Muecksch, F., Schaefer-Babajew, D., Finkin, S., Viant, C., Gaebler, C., Hoffmann, H. H., Barnes, C. O., Cipolla, M., Ramos, V., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03696-9 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Loss of Bcl-6-Expressing T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Centers in COVID-19
Kaneko, N., Kuo, H.-H., Boucau, J., Farmer, J. R., Allard-Chamard, H., Mahajan, V. S., Piechocka-Trocha, A., Lefteri, K., Osborn, M., Bals, J., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.025 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Alameh, M.-G., Tombácz, I., Bettini, E., Lederer, K., Ndeupen, S., Sittplangkoon, C., Wilmore, J. R., Gaudette, B. T., Soliman, O. Y., Pine, M., et al. (2021) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.11.001 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19
Rodda, L. B., Netland, J., Shehata, L., Pruner, K. B., Morawski, P. A., Thouvenel, C. D., Takehara, K. K., Eggenberger, J., Hemann, E. A., Waterman, H. R., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Addetia, A., Crawford, K. H. D., Dingens, A., Zhu, H., Roychoudhury, P., Huang, M.-L., Jerome, K. R., Bloom, J. D., & Greninger, A. L. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02107-20 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Gruber, C. N., Patel, R. S., Trachtman, R., Lepow, L., Amanat, F., Krammer, F., Wilson, K. M., Onel, K., Geanon, D., Tuballes, K., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.034 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
Self-citationEnhanced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by dimeric IgA
Wang, Z., Lorenzi, J. C. C., Muecksch, F., Finkin, S., Viant, C., Gaebler, C., Cipolla, M., Hoffmann, H.-H., Oliveira, T. Y., Oren, D. A., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abf1555 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in recovered patients with COVID-19
Juno, J. A., Tan, H.-X., Lee, W. S., Reynaldi, A., Kelly, H. G., Wragg, K., Esterbauer, R., Kent, H. E., Batten, C. J., Mordant, F. L., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0995-0 · Cited by 437 · see citing works
Mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 reveals inflammatory role of type I interferon signaling
Israelow, B., Song, E., Mao, T., Lu, P., Meir, A., Liu, F., Alfajaro, M. M., Wei, J., Dong, H., Homer, R. J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20201241 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Ortiz-Prado, E., Simbaña-Rivera, K., Gómez- Barreno, L., Rubio-Neira, M., Guaman, L. P., Kyriakidis, N. C., Muslin, C., Jaramillo, A. M. G., Barba-Ostria, C., Cevallos-Robalino, D., et al. (2020) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2020.115094 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Robust SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity is maintained at 6 months following primary infection
Zuo, J., Dowell, A. C., Pearce, H., Verma, K., Long, H. M., Begum, J., Aiano, F., Amin-Chowdhury, Z., Hoschler, K., Brooks, T., et al. (2021) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-021-00902-8 · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Lederer, K., Castaño, D., Gómez Atria, D., Oguin, T. H., Wang, S., Manzoni, T. B., Muramatsu, H., Hogan, M. J., Amanat, F., Cherubin, P., et al. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.009 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Self-citationEvolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19
Wheatley, A. K., Juno, J. A., Wang, J. J., Selva, K. J., Reynaldi, A., Tan, H.-X., Lee, W. S., Wragg, K. M., Kelly, H. G., Esterbauer, R., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21444-5 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors
Uyoga, S., Adetifa, I. M. O., Karanja, H. K., Nyagwange, J., Tuju, J., Wanjiku, P., Aman, R., Mwangangi, M., Amoth, P., Kasera, K., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abe1916 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Compromised Humoral Functional Evolution Tracks with SARS-CoV-2 Mortality
Zohar, T., Loos, C., Fischinger, S., Atyeo, C., Wang, C., Slein, M. D., Burke, J., Yu, J., Feldman, J., Hauser, B. M., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.052 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 proteome microarray for global profiling of COVID-19 specific IgG and IgM responses
Jiang, H.-W., Li, Y., Zhang, H.-N., Wang, W., Yang, X., Qi, H., Li, H., Men, D., Zhou, J., & Tao, S.-C. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17488-8 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
A high-throughput neutralizing antibody assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccine evaluation
Muruato, A. E., Fontes-Garfias, C. R., Ren, P., Garcia-Blanco, M. A., Menachery, V. D., Xie, X., & Shi, P.-Y. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17892-0 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
A thermostable, closed SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer
Xiong, X., Qu, K., Ciazynska, K. A., Hosmillo, M., Carter, A. P., Ebrahimi, S., Ke, Z., Scheres, S. H. W., Bergamaschi, L., Grice, G. L., et al. (2020) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/s41594-020-0478-5 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Grzelak, L., Temmam, S., Planchais, C., Demeret, C., Tondeur, L., Huon, C., Guivel-Benhassine, F., Staropoli, I., Chazal, M., Dufloo, J., et al. (2020) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abc3103 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Platforms and current developments
Szabó, G. T., Mahiny, A. J., & Vlatkovic, I. (2022) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.016 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Increased memory B cell potency and breadth after a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA boost
Muecksch, F., Wang, Z., Cho, A., Gaebler, C., Ben Tanfous, T., DaSilva, J., Bednarski, E., Ramos, V., Zong, S., Johnson, B., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04778-y · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Crawford, K. H. D., Dingens, A. S., Eguia, R., Wolf, C. R., Wilcox, N., Logue, J. K., Shuey, K., Casto, A. M., Fiala, B., Wrenn, S., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa618 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination induces functionally diverse antibodies to NTD, RBD, and S2
Amanat, F., Thapa, M., Lei, T., Ahmed, S. M. S., Adelsberg, D. C., Carreño, J. M., Strohmeier, S., Schmitz, A. J., Zafar, S., Zhou, J. Q., et al. (2021) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.005 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Self-citationCross-reactive memory T cells and herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2
Lipsitch, M., Grad, Y. H., Sette, A., & Crotty, S. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-00460-4 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Impact of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity
Lucas, C., Vogels, C. B. F., Yildirim, I., Rothman, J. E., Lu, P., Monteiro, V., Gehlhausen, J. R., Campbell, M., Silva, J., Tabachnikova, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Immunological imprinting of the antibody response in COVID-19 patients
Aydillo, T., Rombauts, A., Stadlbauer, D., Aslam, S., Abelenda-Alonso, G., Escalera, A., Amanat, F., Jiang, K., Krammer, F., Carratala, J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23977-1 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationNguyen-Contant, P., Embong, A. K., Kanagaiah, P., Chaves, F. A., Yang, H., Branche, A. R., Topham, D. J., & Sangster, M. Y. (2020) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01991-20 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Adaptive immune determinants of viral clearance and protection in mouse models of SARS-CoV-2
Israelow, B., Mao, T., Klein, J., Song, E., Menasche, B., Omer, S. B., & Iwasaki, A. (2021) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abl4509 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Adaptive immune determinants of viral clearance and protection in mouse models of SARS-CoV-2
Israelow, B., Mao, T., Klein, J., Song, E., Menasche, B., Omer, S. B., & Iwasaki, A. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.19.444825 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Unexpected detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the prepandemic period in Italy
Apolone, G., Montomoli, E., Manenti, A., Boeri, M., Sabia, F., Hyseni, I., Mazzini, L., Martinuzzi, D., Cantone, L., Milanese, G., et al. (2021) · Tumori Journal · doi:10.1177/0300891620974755 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
den Hartog, G., Schepp, R. M., Kuijer, M., GeurtsvanKessel, C., van Beek, J., Rots, N., Koopmans, M. P. G., van der Klis, F. R. M., & van Binnendijk, R. S. (2020) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa479 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Dugan, H. L., Stamper, C. T., Li, L., Changrob, S., Asby, N. W., Halfmann, P. J., Zheng, N.-Y., Huang, M., Shaw, D. G., Cobb, M. S., et al. (2021) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.05.001 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationSARS-CoV-2 antibody magnitude and detectability are driven by disease severity, timing, and assay
Peluso, M. J., Takahashi, S., Hakim, J., Kelly, J. D., Torres, L., Iyer, N. S., Turcios, K., Janson, O., Munter, S. E., Thanh, C., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abh3409 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Oved, K., Olmer, L., Shemer-Avni, Y., Wolf, T., Supino-Rosin, L., Prajgrod, G., Shenhar, Y., Payorsky, I., Cohen, Y., Kohn, Y., et al. (2020) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100651 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Zahradník, J., Marciano, S., Shemesh, M., Zoler, E., Chiaravalli, J., Meyer, B., Rudich, Y., Dym, O., Elad, N., & Schreiber, G. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.01.06.425392 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France
Fafi-Kremer, S., Bruel, T., Madec, Y., Grant, R., Tondeur, L., Grzelak, L., Staropoli, I., Anna, F., Souque, P., Fernandes-Pellerin, S., et al. (2020) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102915 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2: Let’s Stick to Known Knowns
Baumgarth, N., Nikolich-Žugich, J., Lee, F. E.-H., & Bhattacharya, D. (2020) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2000839 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Discrete SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers track with functional humoral stability
Bartsch, Y. C., Fischinger, S., Siddiqui, S. M., Chen, Z., Yu, J., Gebre, M., Atyeo, C., Gorman, M. J., Zhu, A. L., Kang, J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-21336-8 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
A public vaccine-induced human antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants
Schmitz, A. J., Turner, J. S., Liu, Z., Aziati, I. D., Chen, R. E., Joshi, A., Bricker, T. L., Darling, T. L., Adelsberg, D. C., Alsoussi, W. B., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.03.24.436864 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationThe association between obesity and peak antibody titer response in COVID‐19 infection
Soffer, S., Glicksberg, B. S., Zimlichman, E., Efros, O., Levin, M. A., Freeman, R., Reich, D. L., & Klang, E. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23208 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Anti- SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Antibody Evolution after mRNA Vaccination
Cho, A., Muecksch, F., Schaefer-Babajew, D., Wang, Z., Finkin, S., Gaebler, C., Ramos, V., Cipolla, M., Mendoza, P., Agudelo, M., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.07.29.454333 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Steffen, T. L., Stone, E. T., Hassert, M., Geerling, E., Grimberg, B. T., Espino, A. M., Pantoja, P., Climent, C., Hoft, D. F., George, S. L., et al. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.08.21.261727 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals
Lederer, K., Parvathaneni, K., Painter, M. M., Bettini, E., Agarwal, D., Lundgreen, K. A., Weirick, M., Goel, R. R., Xu, X., Drapeau, E. M., et al. (2021) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.16.21263686 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
- Authors
- Amanat, F., Stadlbauer, D., Strohmeier, S., Nguyen, T. H. O., Chromikova, V., McMahon, M., Jiang, K., Arunkumar, G. A., Jurczyszak, D., Polanco, J., Bermudez-Gonzalez, M., Kleiner, G., Aydillo, T., Miorin, L., Fierer, D. S., Lugo, L. A., Kojic, E. M., Stoever, J., Liu, S. T. H., Cunningham-Rundles, C., Felgner, P. L., Moran, T., García-Sastre, A., Caplivski, D., Cheng, A. C., Kedzierska, K., Vapalahti, O., Hepojoki, J. M., Simon, V., & Krammer, F.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- BOKU University (AT)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Mount Sinai Health System (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Alfred Health (AU)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Krammer, Florian
- ORCID
- Amanat, Fatima
- Stadlbauer, Daniel
- Strohmeier, Shirin
- Nguyen, Thi H. O.
- Chromikova, Veronika
- McMahon, Meagan
- Jiang, Kaijun
- Arunkumar, Guha Asthagiri
- Jurczyszak, Denise
- Kleiner, Giulio
- Aydillo, Teresa
- Miorin, Lisa
- Fierer, Daniel S.
- Stoever, Jonathan
- Liu, Sean T. H.
- Felgner, Philip L.
- Moran, Thomas
- García-Sastre, Adolfo
- Kedzierska, Katherine
- Vapalahti, Olli
- Hepojoki, Jussi M.
- Simon, Viviana
- Krammer, Florian
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2020-05-12
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1033-1036
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- PMC
- PMC8183627
- OpenAlex
- W3025631553
- Cited by
- 1,769
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 98 · 2023: 192 · 2022: 340 · 2021: 609 · 2020: 434 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 51.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (HHSN272201400008C, 75N93019C00051)
- Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (1071916, 1102792)
- Academy of Finland (TYH2018322)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, seroconversion, serological assays, ELISA, spike protein antibodies, antibody detection, convalescent plasma, correlates of protection
- MeSH terms
- Seroconversion, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Testing, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Adult, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Humans, Immunization, Passive, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Neutralization Tests, Pneumonia, Viral, Case-Control Studies, Coronavirus Infections, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Young Adult, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
