A POMS short form for cancer patients: psychometric and structural evaluation
Open accessAbstract
The internal consistency, validity, and factor structure of the Shacham shortened version (37 items) of the 65‐item profile of mood states (POMS) were examined with a sample of 428 cancer patients who were awaiting bone marrow transplantation. Cronbach's alphas ranging from 0.78 to 0.91 were obtained for each of the six subscales of the POMS‐short form (POMS‐SF) and for the total 37‐item scale. Correlations with the CES‐D, the Self‐Rated Karnofsky, the MOS SF‐20 Physical Functioning, and the Bradburn Positive and Negative Affect Scales provided evidence of the convergent and discriminant validity of the POMS‐SF. Results of a confirmatory factor analysis were supportive of the 6‐factor interpretation of the POMS items in the 37‐item version of the POMS. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The POMS-SF anxiety/tension subscale is a well-validated instrument.
“The Profile of Mood States – Short Form (POMS-SF) is a 37-item well-validated self-report mood inventory that is commonly used in oncology settings.”
From Psychological flexibility, distress, and coping in ovarian cancer survivors. (2026) · cites this paper as [24]
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“Participants who withdrew from the study between the 1 month and the 6 month sessions did not differ in terms of demographic factors [all F's < 1.15, p's > 0.29], BDI scores [F(1,41) = 0.65, n.s.], or POMS-SF Fatigue [F(1, 41) = 0.51, n.s.].”
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“The primary outcome, the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS), is a 37-item scale to assess six mood states (tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, confusionbewilderment, fatigue-inertia, and vigor-activity), which yield a total mood disturbance score.(22) POMS is extensively validated in p…”
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“Other outcomes included patient satisfaction measured using 5-point Likert-type scales,(8) psychologic distress measured with the Brief Symptom Index (BSI),(19) and negative mood states and anxiety measured with the Profile of Mood States (POMS).(20) Other objective outcomes included heart rate, blood pressure, and sa…”
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“The POMS-SF that was used in this study is a 37-item version of the POMS developed and validated on the responses of cancer patients and that retains the 6 subscales.(38-40) A seventh score of Total Negative Mood Disturbance is calculated by adding together the first 5 subscales and subtracting the score from the one…”
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“NA and PA were assessed using the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS-SF), a frequently used questionnaire developed to assess transient mood states (Shacham, 1983).”
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“In fact, deficits in ToM have been hypothesized to underlie the core behavioral symptoms of autism (Baron-Cohen et al., 1985), and social cognitive abilities such as ToM are more strongly related to functional outcomes (e.g., work functioning, living independently) than non-social cognition in…”
Garland, S. N., Tamagawa, R., Todd, S. C., Speca, M., & Carlson, L. E. (2013) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735412442370 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
“The POMS has demonstrated sensitivity to changes in mood over the course of psychosocial interventions for cancer patients.(46) Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program.”
BackgroundBoyle, G. J., Helmes, E., Matthews, G., & Izard, C. E. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386915-9.00008-5 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Johnson, J. A., Garland, S. N., Carlson, L. E., Savard, J., Simpson, J. S., Ancoli‐Israel, S., & Campbell, T. S. (2017) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-017-0659-3 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Physiological Effects of Touching Wood
Ikei, H., Song, C., & Miyazaki, Y. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14070801 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“The “total mood disturbance (TMD)” score is calculated by the formula [(T–A) + (D) + (A–H) + (F) + (C) – (V)] [24].”
The effects of age and emotional acceptance on distress among breast cancer patients
Politi, M. C., Enright, T. M., & Weihs, K. L. (2006) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-006-0098-6 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“The POMS is a valid measure of mood states and has been used extensively to study cancer patients and their families (e.g., [ 23 ]).”
MethodAndrews, J., & Oei, T. P. S. (2004) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.08.002 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Vitamin C provision improves mood in acutely hospitalized patients
Zhang, M. H., Robitaille, L., Eintracht, S., & Hoffer, L. J. (2010) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2010.05.016 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
van Wingen, G. A., Tendolkar, I., Urner, M., van Marle, H. J. F., Denys, D. A. J. P., Verkes, R., & Fernández, G. (2013) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.11.022 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
“In addition, even though two weeks of duloxetine intake resulted in improvedmood asmeasuredwith the Profile of Mood States (POMS) (Shacham, 1983) in part due to less mood worsening as a result of the scanning session, the participants scored within the normal range throughout the experiment (Baker et al., 2002).”
BackgroundThornton, L. M., Cheavens, J. S., Heitzmann, C. A., Dorfman, C. S., Wu, S. M., & Andersen, B. L. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0036959 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Causal Attribution Among Cancer Survivors of the 10 Most Common Cancers
Ferrucci, L. M., Cartmel, B., Turkman, Y., Murphy, M. E., Smith, T. G., Stein, K., & McCorkle, R. C. (2011) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2010.548445 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“We also evaluated scores from the 12-item Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp12) that contains questions related to meaning, peace, and faith ( Peterman, Fitchett, Brady, Hernandez, & Cella, 2002 ) and the 37-item Profile of Mood States–Short Form (POMS-SF), which asse…”
MethodFriedman, L. C., Romero, C., Elledge, R. M., Chang, J. C., Kalidas, M., Dulay, M. F., Lynch, G. R., & Osborne, C. K. (2007) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-007-9108-5 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“Reliability and convergent and discriminant validity for the POMS-SF have been satisfactorily established (Baker et al. 2002).”
BackgroundPark, S.-A., Song, C., Oh, Y.-A., Miyazaki, Y., & Son, K.-C. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14091087 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“A lower total TMD score reflects a better emotional condition [47].”
BackgroundLoh, K. P., Kleckner, I. R., Lin, P., Mohile, S. G., Canin, B. E., Flannery, M. A., Fung, C., Dunne, R. F., Bautista, J., Culakova, E., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.15951 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Liu, X. J., Robitaille, L., Eintracht, S., MacNamara, E., & Hoffer, L. J. (2013) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.056366 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
“The 30-item POMS-B, a briefer version of the POMS, has been developed to accommodate the limited reserve of physically ill patients (42, 44, 45).”
MethodPsychosocial group intervention for patients with primary breast cancer: a randomised trial
Boesen, E. H., Karlsen, R., Christensen, J., Paaschburg, B., Nielsen, D., Bloch, I. S., Christiansen, B., Jacobsen, K., & Johansen, C. (2011) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2011.01.002 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Miaskowski, C. A., Dodd, M. J., West, C. M., Paul, S. M., Schumacher, K. L., Tripathy, D., & Koo, P. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.09.031 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“At the beginning and end of the study, patients completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS; (McNair et al., 1971; Baker et al., 2002)), the Medical Outcomes Study-Short Form (SF-36, (Ware, 2000; Ware, 2003), and the interference items from the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI; (Daut et al.”
MethodPark, S.-A., Song, C., Choi, J.-Y., Son, K.-C., & Miyazaki, Y. (2016) · HortScience · doi:10.21273/hortsci11104-16 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
“The total mood disturbance (TMD) score is calculated by the formula T–Að Þ+½ Dð Þ+ A–Hð Þ+ Fð Þ+ Cð Þ– Vð Þ (Baker et al., 2002).”
Buckenmaier, C. C., Kwon, K. H., Howard, R. S., McKnight, G. M., Shriver, C. D., Fritz, W. T., Garguilo, G. A., Joltes, K. H., & Stojadinovic, A. (2010) · Pain Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2010.00842.x · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Cho, H. J., Eisenberger, N. I., Olmstead, R., Breen, E. C., & Irwin, M. R. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.23 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Stress, Coping and Cognitive Deficits in Women After Surgery for Breast Cancer
Reid‐Arndt, S. A., & Cox, C. R. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-011-9274-z · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“…to examine whether coping style mediated the effect of stress on cognitive functioning, conventional guidelines for assessing mediation (Baron & Kenny, 1986) were followed.3 The IES-R Arousal subscale was of particular interest, based on the hypothesis that increased stress-related…”
Cheville, A. L., Sloan, J. A., Northfelt, D., Jillella, A. P., Wong, G. Y., Bearden, J. D., Liu, H., Schaefer, P., Marchello, B. T., Christensen, B. J., et al. (2009) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-008-0542-x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“It is valid for use and is discriminative in the evaluation of cancer- and pain-associated distress [2].”
Stein, K., Denniston, M. M., Baker, F., Dent, M. F., Hann, D. M., Bushhouse, S. A., & West, M. M. (2003) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(03)00321-x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationSerfaty, M. A., Wilkinson, S., Freeman, C., Mannix, K. A., & King, M. (2011) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1921 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
“Its shortened form consists of 37 items, which has been psychometrically evaluated [18].”
BackgroundEvangelista, L. S., Strömberg, A., & Dionne-Odom, J. N. (2016) · Current Opinion in Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1097/spc.0000000000000182 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“Q U A L ) [ 40 ] g n i f W r i tt e n m a t e r i a l s n x i e t y a n d d p r e ss i o n ( p r o f i l e o f oo d s t a t s ) [ 41 ] N g n i f c a n t D s i n n x e t y / d e p r e ss i o n r t i m e u a l i t y o l i e ( c a r e g i v e r q u l i t y - o f - l i f e i n d x ) [ 42 ] g n i f c a…”
Kynurenine metabolism and inflammation-induced depressed mood: a human experimental study
Kruse, J. L., Cho, J. H.-J., Olmstead, R., Hwang, L., Faull, K., Eisenberger, N. I., & Irwin, M. R. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104371 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“Depressed mood was assessed at each time point using the depression subscale of the short-form Profile of Mood States (Baker et al., 2002; McNair et al., 1971).”
MethodGould, R. V., Brown, S. L., & Bramwell, R. (2009) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870440902811163 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“The 37–item POMS-SF has a full-scale score (calculated by totalling the negative affect subscale scores and subtracting the positive affect subscale score), and subscales for anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension and vigour (Baker et al., 2002).”
MethodInfluentialMetabolic origin of hypovitaminosis C in acutely hospitalized patients
Evans-Olders, R., Eintracht, S., & Hoffer, L. J. (2010) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2009.08.015 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“practical and valid [30,31].”
Irwin, M. R., Cole, S. W., Olmstead, R. E., Breen, E. C., Cho, H. J., Moieni, M., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2018) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-018-0259-6 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Petrowski, K., Albani, C., Zenger, M., Brähler, E., & Schmalbach, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.631668 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
A moderate-sodium DASH-type diet improves mood in postmenopausal women
Torres, S. J., & Nowson, C. A. (2012) · Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.nut.2011.11.029 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Snippe, E., Dziak, J. J., Lanza, S. T., Nyklı́ček, I., & Wichers, M. (2017) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0650-5 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Negative Affect Items of the Depression, Tension, Anger, and Fatigue subscales from the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS-SF) (Shacham 1983; Wald and Mellenbergh 1990) were used to assess daily negative affect (NA).”
InfluentialPatient empowerment for cancer patients through a novel ICT infrastructure
Kondylakis, H., Bucur, A., Crico, C., Dong, F., Graf, N. M., Hoffman, S., Koumakis, L., Manenti, A., Kostas Marias, A., Mazzocco, K., et al. (2019) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103342 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Transcriptomic predictors of inflammation-induced depressed mood
Cho, J. H.-J., Irwin, M. R., Eisenberger, N. I., Lamkin, D. M., & Cole, S. W. (2019) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-019-0316-9 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Selfreported depressed mood was assessed using the Profile of Mood States.”
MethodNewberry, A., Choi, C.-W. J., Donovan, H. S., Schulz, R., Bender, C. M., Given, B. A., & Sherwood, P. R. (2013) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/13.onf.e119-e125 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Tired, moody and pregnant? Exercise may be the answer
Gaston, A., & Harry Prapavessis, A. (2013) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2013.809084 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Impact and Outcomes of an Iyengar Yoga Program in a Cancer Centre
Duncan, M. D., Leis, A., & Taylor‐Brown, J. (2008) · Current Oncology · doi:10.3747/co.v15i0.284 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-blame, Self-forgiveness, and Spirituality in Breast Cancer Survivors in a Public Sector Setting
Friedman, L. C., Barber, C. R., Chang, J. C., Tham, Y. L., Kalidas, M., Rimawi, M. F., Dulay, M. F., & Elledge, R. M. (2010) · Journal of Cancer Education · doi:10.1007/s13187-010-0048-3 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
“Excellent reliability and validity have been demonstrated for this measure [30].”
BackgroundBamboo forest therapy contributes to the regulation of psychological responses
Lyu, B., Zeng, C., Deng, S., Liu, S., Jiang, M., Li, N., Wei, L., Yu, Y., & Chen, Q. (2018) · Journal of Forest Research · doi:10.1080/13416979.2018.1538492 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“A lower TMD score reflects a better emotional condition (Baker et al. 2002).”
BackgroundSleep Characteristics of Family Caregivers of Individuals With a Primary Malignant Brain Tumor
Pawl, J. D., Lee, S.-Y., Clark, P. C., & Sherwood, P. R. (2013) · Oncology nursing forum · doi:10.1188/13.onf.171-179 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
“Cronbach alphas for the tension-anxiety subscale range from 0.87–0.91 (Baker, Denniston, Zabora, Polland, & Dudley, 2002; Curran, Andrykowski, & Studts, 1995).”
InfluentialDepressive symptoms and anxiety in intensive care unit (ICU) survivors after ICU discharge
Choi, J., Tate, J. A., Rogers, M. A., Donahoe, M. P., & Hoffman, L. A. (2016) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2015.12.002 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Late systemic symptoms in head and neck cancer survivors
Wulff-Burchfield, E. M., Dietrich, M. S., Ridner, S. H., & Murphy, B. A. (2018) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-018-4577-3 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Symptom Clusters in Women With Breast Cancer During the First 18 Months of Adjuvant Therapy
Li, H., Sereika, S. M., Marsland, A. L., Conley, Y. P., & Bender, C. M. (2019) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.10.002 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The Potential Efficacy of Psychological First Aid on Self-Reported Anxiety and Mood
Everly, G. S., Lating, J. M., Sherman, M. F., & Goncher, I. D. (2016) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000429 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“In addition, the total score of the brief form has been reported to correlate 0.93 with the total score of the original 58-item version of the POMS (McNair et al., 1971), and responses to the brief form also have demonstrated good divergent validity (Baker et al., 2002).”
BackgroundInfluentialAnagnostis, P. G., Efstathiadou, Z. A., Charizopoulou, M., Selalmatzidou, D., Karathanasi, E. M., Poulasouchidou, M., & Kita, M. D. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0166-5 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
“Its psychometric properties have been validated over other tools in different patient categories, such as the Greene Climacteric Scale in postmenopausal women [14] and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-depression (CES-D), the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 20-item short form, the Self-Rated Karnofsky performance (SR-…”
Garland, S. N., Campbell, T., Samuels, C., & Carlson, L. E. (2013) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2013.03.003 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
The psychometric properties of cancer multisymptom assessment instruments: a clinical review
Aktaş, A., Walsh, D., & Kirkova, J. (2015) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-015-2732-7 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Communication with Breast Cancer Survivors
Clayton, M. F., Dudley, W. N., & Musters, A. (2008) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410230701808376 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“Further evidence of the POMS-SF's ability to discriminate among cancer patients is supported by correlations with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Self-Rated Karnofsky, and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (MOS SF-20) ( Baker, Denniston, Zabora, Polland, & Dudley, 2002 ).”
MethodSelf-citationSocial Roles, Basic Need Satisfaction, and Psychological Health
Talley, A. E., Kocum, L., Schlegel, R. J., Molix, L. A., & Bettencourt, B. A. (2012) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167211432762 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Personal responsibility, regret, and medical stigma among individuals living with lung cancer
Criswell, K. R., Owen, J. E., Thornton, A. A., & Stanton, A. L. (2015) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-015-9686-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Biddle, L., Paramasivan, S., Harris, S., Campbell, R. M., Brennan, J., & Hollingworth, W. (2016) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2016.04.004 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Latterly, patients who had scored highly on the distress thermometer were purposively sampled since this is likely to map onto the primary trial outcome (Profile of Moods State, POMS) (Baker et al, 2002) and it was thought they may have greater recall of the intervention.”
BackgroundZhao, L., Portier, K. M., Stein, K., Baker, F., & Smith, T. G. (2008) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.04.011 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationUncertainty, mood states, and symptom distress in patients with primary brain tumors
Lin, L., Chiang, H., Acquaye, A., Vera‐Bolanos, E., Gilbert, M. R., & Armstrong, T. S. (2013) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.28121 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“The short form retains the 6 subscales, and the validity and 6-subscale structure and internal consistency have been examined.(17,18) For the current study, we used only the 5 subscales that measured negative moods, which means that Original Article”
MethodSyrjala, K. L., Yi, J. C., & Langer, S. L. (2015) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3861 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Evaluation of the Fertility and Cancer Project (FCP) among young breast cancer survivors
Meneses, K., McNees, P., Azuero, A., & Jukkala, A. (2009) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1648 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Dietary electrolytes are related to mood
Torres, S. J., Nowson, C. A., & Worsley, A. (2008) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114508959201 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“The thirty-seven-item POMS is designed to assess current and changes in mood states, and has been validated((31)).”
BackgroundCorrelates of mood disturbance in women with breast cancer: patterns over time
Ah, D. M. V., & Kang, D.-H. (2008) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04563.x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Longo, D. R., Ge, B., Radina, M. E., Greiner, A. K., Williams, C. D., Longo, G. S., Mouzon, D. M., Natale‐Pereira, A., & Salas‐Lopez, D. (2009) · Journal of Communications In Healthcare · doi:10.1179/cih.2009.2.2.184 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baker, F., Denniston, M., Zabora, J., Polland, A., & Dudley, W. N.
- Affiliations
- American Cancer Society (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baker, Frank
- Venue
- Psycho-Oncology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 273-281
- ISSN
- 1057-9249 (ISSN-L)
- 1099-1611
- OpenAlex
- W2157354328
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- libres.uncg.edu
- Locations
- Psycho-Oncology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Keywords
- Profile of Mood States, cancer patients, mood states, psychometric properties, factor structure, convergent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, bone marrow transplantation, positive and negative affect, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Adjustment, Reproducibility of Results, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Mood Disorders
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