The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems.
Abstract
Abstract Biological systems are expected to have a branch of longitudinal electric modes in a frequency region between 10 11 and 10 12 sec −1 . They are based on the dipolar properties of cell membranes; of certain bonds recurring in giant molecules (such as H bonds) and possibly on pockets of non‐localized electrons. In Section 2 it is shown quit generally that if energy is supplied above a certain mean rate to such a branch, then a steady state will be reached in which a single mode of this branch is very strongly excited. The supplied energy is thus not completely thermalized but stored in a highly ordered fashion. This order expresses itself in long‐range phase correlations; the phenomenon has considerable similarity with the low‐temperature condensation of a Bose gas. General consequences and proposals of experiments are discussed in section 3.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In such proposed microtubule automata, tubulin states interact and update coherently at discrete time steps attributed to theorized [62] or experimentally-observed coherent MT resonances, e.g. in the low megahertz range [53], potentially resulting in millions of synchronized updates per second [63].”
From Cytoskeletal signaling: is memory encoded in microtubule lattices by CaMKII phosphorylation? (2012) · cites this paper as [62]
Citations
Cites
Concept of Off-Diagonal Long-Range Order and the Quantum Phases of Liquid He and of Superconductors
Yang, C. N. (1962) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.34.694 · Cited by 1,457
Bose condensation of strongly excited longitudinal electric modes
Fröhlich, H. (1968) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/0375-9601(68)90242-9 · Cited by 273
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- H.Fröhlich Quantum Mechanics and Biology talk given at the Versailles Conference 1967 on Theoretical Physics and Biology to be Published.
- A.Szent Györgui Charge Charge Transfer and Cellular Activity talk given at the Versailles Conference (1967) to be published.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 999
Information Dynamics and Learning in Complex Adaptive Systems: Toward a Transdisciplinary Framework
Sant'Anna, A. D. S. (2026) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.70027 · Cited by 1
Dynamical thermalization and turbulence in social stratification models
Frahm, K. M., & Shepelyansky, D. L. (2026) · Chaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science · doi:10.1063/5.0335547 · Cited by 1
A thermodynamic model of biological cells in Hamiltonian Space
Poudel, R. C., McGowan, J., & González‐Mora, E. (2026) · Biosystems · doi:10.1016/j.biosystems.2026.105925 · Cited by 1
Solitons, Bose-Einstein condensation, and superfluidity in helium II
Chela-Flores, J., & Ghassib, H. B. (1987) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf00669359 · Cited by 1
Living systems as coherent anharmonic oscillators
Molski, M. (2011) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/329/1/012010 · Cited by 1
Quantum process in living cells
Finkel, R. W. (2013) · Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology · doi:10.4236/abb.2013.44071 · Cited by 1
“Fröhlich initiated this concept and advocated that all living cells maintain coherent vibrations generated by metabolism [1].”
BackgroundThe Binding Problem in the Light of Quantum Physics
Uzan, P. (2011) · NeuroQuantology · doi:10.14704/nq.2011.9.3.409 · Cited by 1
Quantum Objects: Parts and Wholes
Jaeger, G. S. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37629-0_4 · Cited by 3
The concept of coherence considered as a systems isomorphism
Wolkowski, Z. W. (1992) · Systems Research · doi:10.1002/sres.3850090406 · Cited by 1
Terahertz Pioneer: Fritz Keilmann - "RF Biophysics: From strong field to near field"
Siegel, P. H. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology · doi:10.1109/tthz.2013.2272656 · Cited by 2
Pilipenko, O. V., Yatsunenko, A. G., Grinyuk, V. A., & Заболотный, П. И. (2004) · International Kharkiv Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves · doi:10.1109/msmw.2004.1346179 · Cited by 1
Cellular Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field can be measured only by Nanotechnological Methods
Havelka, D., Cifra, M., & Vrba, J. (2011) · Cited by 1
Biophysics: an integrative approach for traditional therapy
Gorini, A. (2016) · Nephrology Point of Care · doi:10.5301/pocj.5000197 · Cited by 1
Cómo el cerebro y las redes neuronales explican la realidad humana
Monserrat, J. (2017) · Pensamiento Revista de investigación e información filosófica · doi:10.14422/pen.v72.i273.y2016.015 · Cited by 1
Some Observations on the Role of Water States for Biological and Therapeutical Effects
Scalia, M., Avino, P., Sperini, M., Viccaro, V., Pisani, A., & Valenzi, V. I. (2018) · Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering · doi:10.20535/ibb.2018.2.3.140255 · Cited by 1
PROBLEMS OF TERAHERTZ RADIATION METROLOGY IN MEDICINE
Minin, I. V., & Minin, O. V. (2021) · Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) · doi:10.33764/2411-1759-2021-26-3-162-180 · Cited by 1
Experimental evidence for long-distance electrodynamic intermolecular forces
Lechelon, M., Meriguet, Y., Gori, M., Ruffenach, S., Nardecchia, I., Floriani, E., Coquillat, D., Teppe, F., Mailfert, S., Marguet, D., et al. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl5855 · Cited by 1
17 Scientific Bases for the Use of Low-Level Light Energy on the Treatment of Cellulite
Sasaki, G. H. (2010) · Basic and clinical dermatology · doi:10.3109/9781439802724.017 · Cited by 1
Quantum Nonlocality and Biological Coherence
Mayburov, S. N. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-39078-4_27 · Cited by 1
Consciousness and the Axon Initial Segment
Beshkar, M. (2024) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-024-09883-3 · Cited by 1
“The emergence of quantum behavior via the mechanism proposed by Fröhlich (1968 ) shares an important point with the mechanism proposed by Galve et al. ( 2010 ): both mechanisms emphasize the importance of the rate at which the system is forced to oscillate by a signal from the outside.”
InfluentialPlanat, M. R. P. (2026) · International Journal of Topology · doi:10.3390/ijt3010001 · Cited by 1
“The stochastic resonance mechanism further stabilizes coherence by converting environmental noise into a parametric pump, as observed in other biological systems such as ion channels and photosynthetic complexes [14].”
Basti, G. (2013) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-37225-4_8 · Cited by 1
Ho, M. (1997) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5494-9_7 · Cited by 1
Illuminated Physiology and Medical Uses of Light
Jernigan, D. A., & Joseph, D. C. S. (2005) · Subtle energies & energy medicine · Cited by 1
Investigation of Brownian diffusion and long-distance electrodynamic interactions of biomolecules
Gori, M., Nardecchia, I., Pettini, M., Torres, J., & Varani, L. (2015) · International Conference on Noise and Fluctuations · doi:10.1109/icnf.2015.7288566 · Cited by 1
“A-priori collective excitations can be switched on and off by suitable environmental conditions (mainly energy supply [2]), a property which is a-priori necessary in a biological context.”
BackgroundPolarization kinks and propagation of action potential in axon membranes
Gordon, A., Vugmeister, B. E., Dorfman, S. M., & RABITZ, H. A. (1999) · Ferroelectrics · doi:10.1080/00150199908018623 · Cited by 1
On the mechanisms of interaction of low-intensity millimeter waves with biological objects
Бецкий, О. В. (1994) · Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics · doi:10.1007/bf01039297 · Cited by 1
Ferroelectricity in ternary compounds
Bilz, H., Bussmann‐Holder, A., & Benedek, G. (1983) · Il Nuovo Cimento D · doi:10.1007/bf02457894 · Cited by 1
Regling, G. (2000) · Electro- and Magnetobiology · doi:10.3109/15368370009167834 · Cited by 1
QUANTUM COMPUTING IN MICROTUBULES: THE PENROSE-HAMEROFF "ORCH OR" MODEL
Hameroff, S. R. (1999) · WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks · doi:10.1142/9789814313254_0047 · Cited by 1
La posibilidad de una “neurociencia cuántica” según Roger Penrose
Martínez, D. P. (2016) · Thémata: Revista de filosofía · doi:10.12795/themata.2016.i54.10 · Cited by 1
Katona, G., Lundholm, I. V., Rodilla, H., Maria-Jose, García-Bonete, M.-J., Duelli, A. S., Wahlgren, W. Y., Bourenkov, G. P., Vukušić, J., Friedman, R., et al. (2016) · International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz) · doi:10.1109/irmmw-thz.2016.7758457 · Cited by 1
“As a search for emergent dynamic mechanisms we tested Fröhlich’s hypothetical condensation process [1] by incoherent terahertz excitation of protein crystals and monitor their non-thermal response by X-ray diffraction.”
MethodOschman, J. L. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-06729-7.00017-x · Cited by 1
Seyedielmabad, M. (2020) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.87991 · Cited by 1
“1993 [35] Frohlich H. Long-range coherence and energy storage in biological systems.”
BackgroundInfluentialBasti, G., Capolupo, A., & Vitiello, G. (2020) · International Society for the Study of Information Summit (IS4SI Summit) · doi:10.3390/proceedings2020047060 · Cited by 1
Electromagnetic communication between cells through tunneling nanotubes
Pokorný, J., Pokorný, J., & Vrba, J. (2020) · International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies · doi:10.1017/s175907872000046x · Cited by 1
“Fröhlich [1]–[5] formulated a hypothesis of coherent electric polar vibrations in biological systems.”
BackgroundWong, K. W., & Chow, W. K. (2021) · Journal of Modern Physics · doi:10.4236/jmp.2021.123012 · Cited by 1
Electret thermal analysis of biopolymers
Saxena, P. (2021) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.170 · Cited by 1
Intelligenza Biologica Quantistica
Manzalini, A. (2022) · doi:10.48274/ibi13 · Cited by 1
Lin, C. D., Iliceto, S., Tona, F., & Vitiello, G. (2022) · Biocell · doi:10.32604/biocell.2022.019169 · Cited by 1
The Making of a Humanoid Bot Using Electromagnetic Antenna and Sensors
Singh, P., Ray, K., & Bandyopadhyay, A. (2022) · Studies in Rhythm Engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9677-0_5 · Cited by 1
Far Infrared Spectra of Biomolecules
Hasted, J. B. (1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71867-0_19 · Cited by 1
Consciousness: A Direct Link with Life's Origin?Preprint
Mitra, A. N., & Mitra-Delmotte, G. (2011) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1102.3158 · Cited by 1
“For a more concrete representation of such a picture in a biosystem, let us look at Frohlich’s (1968) coherent excitations envisaged for cell membranes.”
BackgroundInfluentialUltra Long Range Forces Between Macroscopic Bodies
Ohshima, H. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-67899-1_3 · Cited by 1
The Physical Origin of Subtle Energies: The Principle Of Self-Organization Driving Living Systems
Amoroso, R. L., & RAUSCHER, E. A. (2013) · Cited by 1
Consciousness and Quantum Brain Dynamics
Globus, G. G. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-36723-3_11 · Cited by 1
Gibt es mikrowelleninduzierte nicht‐thermische Effekte in biologischen Systemen?
Nimtz, G. (1984) · Physikalische Blätter · doi:10.1002/phbl.19840400405 · Cited by 1
Yeast Suspensions: A Controllable Example of a Coherent Quantum Machine?
Milani, M., Giudice, E. D., Santisi, G., Talpo, G., & Vitiello, G. (2005) · Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1080/15368370500380044 · Cited by 1
“Coherence has been suggested by Herbert Fröhlich to be an essential feature of the dynamics of living matter [1, 2].”
BackgroundCOMPUTATIONAL AND NONCOMPUTATIONAL SYSTEMS IN BRAIN AND COGNITION: CAN ONE MASK THE OTHER?
Leisman, G., Kaspi, M., & Koch, P. (2007) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450600773913 · Cited by 1
“One possibility is some form of high-temperature superconducting/superfluid state, such as the pumped polarization excitations investigated by Fr¨ohlich (1968); there is evidence that these may occur in biological material.”
BackgroundInfluentialStability of Excitations and Nonlinear Effects in the Fröhlich Dimer
Kocić, S., Ristovski, L., & Burić, N. (2000) · Physica Scripta · doi:10.1238/physica.regular.062a00248 · Cited by 1
Quantum Information Processing in the Wall of Cytoskeletal Microtubules
Shi, C., Xijun, Q., Wu, T. R., & Li, R. (2006) · Journal of Biological Physics · doi:10.1007/s10867-006-9025-9 · Cited by 1
“In general, they possess frequencies over a wide range of 10(6)–10(9) Hz [34] and 10(9)–10(11) Hz [35], and even higher.”
BackgroundReply to A Yu Grosberg's letter to the Physics–Uspekhi Editorial Board
Binhi, V. N., & Savin, A. V. (2005) · Physics-Uspekhi · doi:10.1070/pu2005v048n05abeh002049 · Cited by 1
Excited‐State Molecular Superconductivity
Dunne, L. J., & Kai, A. T. (1990) · physica status solidi (b) · doi:10.1002/pssb.2221570218 · Cited by 1
Santoli, S. (2000) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/s0094-5765(00)00026-6 · Cited by 1
Ab initio study of electronic structures of Ptn clusters (n = 2-12)
Xu, W., Schierbaum, K. D., & Goepel, W. (1997) · International Journal of Quantum Chemistry · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-461x(1997)62:4 · Cited by 20
The molecular basis of vision. A comment on a paper by Brändas and Dunne
Larsson, S. (1980) · Chemical Physics Letters · doi:10.1016/0009-2614(80)85187-6 · Cited by 1
The molecular basis of vision: a reply to a comment
Dunne, L. J., & Brändas, E. (1981) · Chemical Physics Letters · doi:10.1016/0009-2614(81)85586-8 · Cited by 1
An assessment of possible energy migration mechanisms in irradiated DNA
Baverstock, K. F., & Cundall, R. B. (1991) · International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation Part C Radiation Physics and Chemistry · doi:10.1016/1359-0197(91)90170-7 · Cited by 1
The Vibrational Soliton: an Experimental Overview
Bigio, I. J. (1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71867-0_17 · Cited by 1
The Effect of a Magnetic Field on Impurity Conduction in Semiconductors
Paranjape, V. V., & Hughes, D. G. (1973) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-86003-4_22 · Cited by 1
Space-time symmetry of vibration modes in biological systems
Pokorný, J. (1981) · Physics Letters A · doi:10.1016/0375-9601(81)90444-8 · Cited by 1
Electrodynamic Activities and Their Role in the Organization of Body Pattern
Ho, M. W., Ross, S. T., Bolton, H., Popp, F. A., & Li, X. X. (1992) · Cited by 1
BIOPHYSICAL BASES OF THE ACUPUNCTURE AND MICROWAVE RESONANCE STIMULATION
Raković, D. I. (2001) · Cited by 1
Molecular-Level Neuroelectronics
Samsonovich, A. V. (1991) · Topics in molecular organization and engineering · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3392-0_26 · Cited by 1
What is an Essentially Quantum Mechanical Effect
Junior, O. F. P. (2001) · Cited by 1
Guy, A. W. (1981) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-8129-7_23 · Cited by 1
On thermal transport by phonons in bulk and nanostructured semiconductor materials
de Tomás, C. (2014) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 1
Smolovich, A. M. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.07605 · Cited by 1
“f understanding living systems. Then, W.A. Little suggested that superconductivity near room temperature might be achieved in an organic polymer, which was loosely related to the structure of DNA. In [3] H. Frohlich conjectured that some collective quantum effects can take place in living systems. My hypothesis is tha…”
BackgroundA mesoscopic model for the collective dynamics of water coherence domainsPreprint
Scirè, A. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.07545 · Cited by 4
“biological coherence and the long-range order found in a Bose gas [11].”
BackgroundToward a theory of living state—Part I
Mishra, R. K., & Sen, G. K. (1993) · Applied Mathematics and Computation · doi:10.1016/0096-3003(93)90120-4 · Cited by 1
Enhanced Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering from Living Cells of „Chlorella Pyrenoidosa“
Drissler, F., & Macfarlane, R. M. (1980) · Springer series in optical sciences/SPringer series in optical sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-38270-6_26 · Cited by 1
From a classical neuroscience towards a quantum theory of mind and consciousnessPreprint
McPhail, A. V. H. (2007) · doi:10.51669/natphil-002-1 · Cited by 1
Sobhani, M.-E., Islam, A. T. M. K., Chowdhury, E. K., Haque, N., Wahiduzzaman, A. K. M., Ahmed, A., Morshed, A. H. G., Masood, S. M. A., & Uzzaman, M. M. (2022) · Khulna University Studies · doi:10.53808/kus.2006.7.1.0525-l · Cited by 1
Cellular Molecular Processes Driven by Cell-Generated AC Electric Field
Giudice, E. D., Doglia, S. M., Milani, M., & Vitiello, G. (1987) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-71867-0_26 · Cited by 1
Spectral transformation of the energy in Fröhlich systems
Kouba, O. (1998) · Czechoslovak Journal of Physics · doi:10.1023/a:1021256717453 · Cited by 1
The QBIT theory: Consciousness and quantum coherencePreprint
Beshkar, M. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4771605 · Cited by 1
Gagnér, V. A., Jensen, M., Olsson, T. N., Cabello-Sánchez, J., Bengtsson, Å. U. J., Ekström, J. C., Zhang, Z., Jurgilaitis, A., Kroon, D., Pham, V., et al. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.29.596429 · Cited by 1
“The theories of Fröhlich’s condensation 28”
BackgroundInfluentialDayathilake, K. L. S. (2025) · doi:10.33774/coe-2022-m70hf-v20
Dayathilake, K. L. S. (2025) · doi:10.33774/coe-2022-m70hf-v21
Cavaglià, M., & Tuszyński, J. A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5361180 · Cited by 1
The Biological Effects of Millimeter Waves
Fröhlich, H. (1983) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0896-7_3 · Cited by 1
Self-citationОт Материи к Духу: Квантовая физика как тень Единого ПотокаPreprint
Кузнецов, Г., & Кузнецов, Я. (2026) · doi:10.24108/preprints-3116257 · Cited by 1
Physical Aspects of Plant Photosynthesis
Drissler, F. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73309-3_7 · Cited by 1
The Physical Basis of Consciousness: Implications for Noetic Medicine and Transpersonal PsychologyPreprint
Amoroso, R. L. (2013) · viXra · Cited by 1
Spontaneous Current Study in Wheat Starch Nano Powder
Gaur, M. S., & Gaur, K. (2010) · Acta Physica Polonica A · doi:10.12693/aphyspola.117.945
Raman Spectroscopy in Photobiological Research
Drissler, F. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68202-5_15
Proteomics: A Philosophical Perspective
Hamberger, E. (2008) · doi:10.1002/9783527622832.ch3
Theory of an exciton matter laser
Stenius, P., & İmamoğlu, A. (2002) · Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics · doi:10.1109/iqec.1998.680089
O que é um Efeito Essencialmente Quantum Mechanical?
Júnior, O. P. (1969) · Revista Eletrônica Informação e Cognição (Cessada) · doi:10.36311/1807-8281.2001.v3n1.711
A Reconfigurable Architectural Model For Axon Information Transmission
Mattis, W. E. (2005) · Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) · doi:10.1109/iembs.1990.691955
A critical analysis of radiation-matter interaction
Milani, M., Costato, M., Brivio, F., Casati, R., Cattaneo, G., Magni, F., Pistoni, N. C., Previdi, F., & Spinoglio, L. (2000) · Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento · doi:10.1007/bf03548888
'Genesis': A takeover from field-responsive matter?Preprint
Mitra-Delmotte, G., & Mitra, A. N. (2010) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1008.2362
Anton, E., Rotaru, A., Covatariu, D., Ciobica, A. S., Timofte, D. V., & Anton, C. (2015) · International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy · doi:10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.56.10
“Fröhlich [3-5].”
Biophysics and the microscopic theory of helium II
Chela-Flores, J., & Ghassib, H. B. (1987) · International Journal of Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf00669360
A research on the non-thermal effect of THz/MMW irradiation on human fibroblasts cells
Yaekashiwa, N., Shimizu, H., Hayashi, S., & Kawase, K. (2014) · URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium · doi:10.1109/ursigass.2014.6930065
“The purpose of this project is to elucidate the Frörich hypothesis which tells that THz/MWW irradiation may cause non-thermal effect on the cell membrane or on the biological systems [1].”
BackgroundNonlinear travelling waves in φ6 polarizable model
Chowdhury, N. D., & Sanyal, S. P. (1996) · Pramana · doi:10.1007/bf02848529
Evolutionary theory and World Future
Ho, M. (1993) · World Futures · doi:10.1080/02604027.1993.9972371
Daily Variation of Photon Emission Intensity from the Human Hands
Cifra, M., van Wijk, E., Koch, H., Bosman, S., & Wijk, R. V. (2007) · International Conference Radioelektronika · doi:10.1109/radioelek.2007.371665
“The Electrically polar vibrations, what implies generation control room contained the electrical equipment (high of electromagnetic field, in biological systems have been voltage supply for photomultiplier tube (PMT), PMT predicted by Froihlich [1-4].”
BackgroundEffect of high electrolyte concentrations on the plasma membrane and its glycocalyx
Голованов, М. В., & Deryagin, B. V. (1992) · Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00800093
Chaos in a New Kind of Stochastic Brain Waves Model
Ma, S. (2010) · International Workshop on Chaos-fractals Theories and Applications · doi:10.1109/iwcfta.2010.54
Metadata
- Authors
- Fröhlich, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Fröhlich, H.
- Venue
- International Journal of Quantum Chemistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1968-09
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 641-649
- ISSN
- 0020-7608 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-461X
- OpenAlex
- W1566370426
- Cited by
- 1,069
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Quantum Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Biofield Effects and Biophysics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Chemical and Physical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies
- Keywords
- long-range coherence, energy storage, biological systems, hydrogen bonding, phase correlation, steady-state excitation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review