Microtubule alignment and manipulation using AC electrokinetics
Abstract
The kinesin-microtubule system plays an important role in intracellular transport and is a model system for integrating biomotor-driven transport into microengineered devices. AC electrokinetics provides a novel tool for manipulating and organizing microtubules in solution, enabling new experimental geometries for investigating and controlling the interactions of microtubules and microtubule motors in vitro. By fabricating microelectrodes on glass substrates and generating AC electric fields across solutions of microtubules in low-ionic-strength buffers, bundles of microtubules are collected and aligned and the electrical properties of microtubules in solution are measured. The AC electric fields result in electro-osmotic flow, electrothermal flow, and dielectrophoresis of microtubules, which can be controlled by varying the solution conductivity, AC frequency, and electrode geometry. By mapping the solution conductivity and AC frequency over which positive dielectrophoresis occurs, the apparent conductivity of taxol-stabilized bovine-brain microtubules in PIPES buffer is measured to be 250 mS m(-1). By maximizing dielectrophoretic forces and minimizing electro-osmotic and electrothermal flow, microtubules are assembled into opposed asters. These experiments demonstrate that AC electrokinetics provides a powerful new tool for kinesin-driven transport applications and for investigating the role of microtubule motors in development and maintenance of the mitotic spindle.
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Above 500 kHz MTs flow toward the gap between the electrodes due to dielectrophoresis.
“Above 500 kHz MTs flow toward the gap between the electrodes due to dielectrophoresis.”
From An Overview of Sub-Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Action of TTFields (2016) · cites this paper as [79]
At ~5 MHz, the electro-osmotic and electro-thermal flow balance each other out with the flow of MTs being solely due to dielectrophoresis.
“At ~5 MHz, the electro-osmotic and electro-thermal flow balance each other out with the flow of MTs being solely due to dielectrophoresis.”
From An Overview of Sub-Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Action of TTFields (2016) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Uppalapati, M., Huang, Y., Jackson, T. N., & Hancock, W. O.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hancock, William O.
- Venue
- Small
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1371-1381
- ISSN
- 1613-6810 (ISSN-L)
- 1613-6829
- OpenAlex
- W2081189391
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Small (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Keywords
- microtubule alignment, AC electrokinetics, dielectrophoresis, electroosmotic flow, electrothermal flow, kinesin, microtubule motor proteins, microelectrodes, taxol-stabilized microtubules, ASTER, mitotic spindle, intracellular transport
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Buffers, Cattle, Computer Simulation, Electrodes, Electrons, Kinetics, Microtubules, Osmolar Concentration, Temperature, Water, Kinesins
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