The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Amount of native-language (L1) use affects the pronunciation of an L2
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Biological Foundations of Language
Lenneberg, E. H. (1967) · Hospital Practice · doi:10.1080/21548331.1967.11707799 · Cited by 6,605
Learning and development in neural networks: the importance of starting small
Elman, J. L. (1993) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/0010-0277(93)90058-4 · Cited by 1,988
Maturational constraints on language development.
Long, M. H. (1990) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263100009165 · Cited by 1,090 · cited 3×
“However , based on a review of the findings then available , Long (1990) concluded that an L2 is usually spoken without accent if learning begins by the age of 6 years , with a foreign accent if learning begins after * Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed at : Division of Speech…”
BackgroundInfluentialFOREIGN ACCENTS, LANGUAGE ACQUISITION, AND CEREBRAL DOMINANCE 1
Scovel, T. (1969) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1969.tb00466.x · Cited by 258
Cited by
Age constraints on second-language acquisition
Flege, J. E., Yeni-Komshian, G. H., & Liu, S. (1999) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.1999.2638 · Cited by 989
Self-citationAbrahamsson, N., & Hyltenstam, K. (2009) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00507.x · Cited by 815
On the Evidence for Maturational Constraints in Second-Language Acquisition
Birdsong, D., & Molis, M. (2001) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.2000.2750 · Cited by 643
What you hear and what you say: language performance in Spanish–English bilinguals
Bohman, T. M., Bedore, L. M., Peña, E. D., Mendez-Perez, A., & Gillam, R. B. (2010) · International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism · doi:10.1080/13670050903342019 · Cited by 323
Foreign Accent: The Phenomenon of Non-native Speech
Moyer, A. (2013) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511794407 · Cited by 304
Assessing bilingual dominance.
FLEGE, J. E., MACKAY, I. R. A., & PISKE, T. (2002) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716402004046 · Cited by 304
Self-citationAge of learning effects on the duration of sentences produced in a second language
GUION, S. G., FLEGE, J. E., LIU, S. H., & YENI-KOMSHIAN, G. H. (2000) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716400002034 · Cited by 188
Self-citationAntoniou, M., Best, C. T., Tyler, M. D., & Kroos, C. (2011) · Journal of Phonetics · doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2011.03.001 · Cited by 183
L1 and L2 processing in the bilingual brain: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies
Liu, H., & Cao, F. (2016) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2016.05.013 · Cited by 178
Bylund, E., Abrahamsson, N., & Hyltenstam, K. (2012) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263112000034 · Cited by 130
Ortega-Llebaria, M., & Colantoni, L. (2014) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263114000011 · Cited by 46
Nonlinguistic Factors that Affect the Degree of Foreign Accent in Second Language Mandarin
Freeborn, L., & Rogers, J. (2019) · Studies in Chinese Linguistics · doi:10.2478/scl-2019-0003 · Cited by 4
Metadata
- Authors
- Flege, J. E., Frieda, E. M., & Nozawa, T.
- Venue
- Journal of Phonetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-04
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 169-186
- ISSN
- 0095-4470 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982960403
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 6.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
