Subregions within the Supplementary Motor Area Activated at Different Stages of Movement Preparation and Execution
Abstract
Previous studies have provided evidence that the primary motor area (M1) is involved in actual execution of a motor program, while the premotor area (PreMA) and the supplementary motor area (SMA) play a role in its preparation. We have used the high temporospatial resolution of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the relationship between stages of a motor program and activation of these motor-related cortical areas. Seven normal volunteers performed a delayed-motor task in which the preparation of finger movements was dissociated in time from movement execution, while event-related fMRI was obtained. The M1 and PreMA showed expected activation associated with execution and preparation stages, respectively. Within SMA, subregions with different temporal profiles of activation were identified: The anterior part became activated early in the preparation period, whereas the posterior part only with movement execution. This supports the notion that the classic SMA consists of the pre-SMA and SMA proper each with different functions.
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Activity in SMA and pre-SMA increases before voluntary movement, reflecting preparation to move.
“Furthermore, activity in the SMA and pre-SMA increases before voluntary movement, reflecting the preparation to move (21–25).”
From Threatening a rubber hand that you feel is yours elicits a cortical anxiety response. (2007) · cites this paper as [21]
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Response-specific sources of dual-task interference in human pre-motor cortex
Marois, R., Larson, J. M., Chun, M. M., & Shima, D. W. (2005) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-005-0022-6 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Response selection and motor areas: a behavioural and electrophysiological study
Carbonnell, L., Hasbroucq, T., Grapperon, J., & Vidal, F. (2004) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2004.04.012 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
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de Vega, M., León, I., Hernandez-Cabrera, J. A., Valdés, M., Padrón, I., & Ferstl, E. C. (2014) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00559 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
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Cortical Activation Associated with Muscle Synergies of the Human Male Pelvic Floor
Asavasopon, S., Rana, M., Kirages, D. J., Yani, M. S., Fisher, B. E., Hwang, D., Lohman, E., Berk, L., & Kutch, J. J. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2073-14.2014 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Stimulus and response conflict processing during perceptual decision making
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Encoding of speed and direction of movement in the human supplementary motor area
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The Supplementary Motor Complex in Parkinson’s Disease
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- Authors
- Lee, K.-M., Chang, K.-H., & Roh, J.-K.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 117-123
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2070952322
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg
- Korea Science and Engineering Foundation
- Seoul National University Hospital
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
- Keywords
- supplementary motor area, pre-supplementary motor area, motor preparation, movement execution, primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, finger movement, event-related fMRI
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Brain Mapping, Contingent Negative Variation, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Motor Cortex, Motor Skills, Psychomotor Performance, Reference Values
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