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Cited by 169

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The trauma spectrum: The interaction of biological and social events in the genesis of the trauma response

Kolk, Bessel A.·1988·Journal of Traumatic Stress
DOI 10.1007/bf00974765
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Abstract

When Kardiner first described the full syndrome of what is now called PTSD in 1941, he called the trauma response a “physioneurosis,” that is, a mental disorder which affects both the soma and the psyche. Now, more than 40 years later much knowledge has been gained about the biological effects of traumatization. Based on the studies of disruptions of attachment bonds in non-human primates, the animal model of inescapable shock, and numerous studies of traumatized children and adults, we are beginning to understand the nature of the biological changes which underlie the psychological response to trauma. This paper will explore (1) the nature of the biological alterations in response to traumatization, (2) how these biological shifts depend on the maturation of the central nervous system (CNS), cognitive processes, and the social matrix in which they occur, (3) and how these alterations can influence psychopathological and interpersonal processes.

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Metadata

Authors
Kolk, B. A.
Venue
Journal of Traumatic Stress
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1988-07
Volume
1
Issue
3
Pages
273-290
ISSN
  • 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6598
DOI
10.1007/bf00974765
OpenAlex
W1988520938
Cited by
169
References
7
FWCI
4.62
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.