Cited by 450

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 94 of the 94 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

On measuring performance in category judgment studies of nonverbal behavior

Wagner, H. L.·1993·Journal of Nonverbal Behavior

DOI 10.1007/bf00987006

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/bf00987006

Cites

94 of 94 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales
Cohen, J. (1960) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316446002000104 · Cited by 42,398
Journal of social behavior and personality
(1986) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(86)90025-5 · Cited by 6,706
Detection Theory: A User's Guide
Macmillan, N. A., & Creelman, C. D. (1991) · Cited by 5,415
A new pan-cultural facial expression of emotion
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1986) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00992253 · Cited by 681
Detection and recognition
Luce, R. D. (1963) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 656
Indices of discrimination or diagnostic accuracy: Their ROCs and implied models.
Swets, J. A. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.99.1.100 · Cited by 582
Fundamentals of scaling and psychophysics
Baird, J. C., & Noma, E. (1978) · Wiley eBooks · Cited by 533
Form of empirical ROCs in discrimination and diagnostic tasks: Implications for theory and measurement of performance.
Swets, J. A. (1986) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.99.2.181 · Cited by 508
Association and Estimation in Contingency Tables
Mosteller, F. (1968) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1968.11009219 · Cited by 492
Differential Facial Responses to Four Basic Tastes in Newborns
Rosenstein, D., & Oster, H. (1988) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130670 · Cited by 470
Vocal cues in emotion encoding and decoding
Scherer, K. R., Banse, R., Wallbott, H. G., & Goldbeck, T. (1991) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00995674 · Cited by 417
Understanding and assessing nonverbal expressiveness: The Affective Communication Test.
Friedman, H. S., Prince, L. M., Riggio, R. E., & DiMatteo, M. R. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.39.2.333 · Cited by 343
Cues and channels in emotion recognition.
Wallbott, H. G., & Scherer, K. R. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.51.4.690 · Cited by 325
Children's understanding of emotional facial expressions and verbal labels
Camras, L. A., & Allison, K. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987140 · Cited by 296
Emotion recognition in autism: coordinating faces and voices
Hobson, R. P., Ouston, J., & Lee, A. (1988) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700009843 · Cited by 283
The identification of emotions from gait information
Montepare, J. M., Goldstein, S. B., & Clausen, A. (1987) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00999605 · Cited by 279
Communication of affect through facial expressions in humans.
Buck, R. W., Savin, V. J., Miller, R. E., & Caul, W. F. (1972) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0033171 · Cited by 259
Recognition and Expression of Emotional Cues by Autistic and Normal Adults
Macdonald, H., Rutter, M., Howlin, P., Rios, P., Conteur, A. L., Evered, C., & Folstein, S. (1989) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1989.tb00288.x · Cited by 253
Judgment Studies: Design, Analysis, and Meta-Analysis.
Ridgeway, C., & Rosenthal, R. (1989) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2074155 · Cited by 236
Nonverbal Communication of Affect in Brain-Damaged Patients
Buck, R., & Duffy, R. J. (1980) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(80)80037-2 · Cited by 234
Processing of faces by patients with unilateral hemisphere lesions
Bowers, D., Bauer, R. M., Coslett, H. B., & Heilman, K. M. (1985) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/0278-2626(85)90020-x · Cited by 216
Sex differences in the encoding and decoding of negative facial emotions
Rotter, N. G., & Rotter, G. S. (1988) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986931 · Cited by 202
Facial expression of emotion: A comparison of posed expressions versus spontaneous expressions in an interpersonal communication setting
Motley, M. T., & Camden, C. T. (1988) · Western Journal of Speech Communication · doi:10.1080/10570318809389622 · Cited by 198
The universality of a contempt expression: A replication
Ekman, P., & Heider, K. G. (1988) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00993116 · Cited by 195
The use and misuse of the chi-square test.
Lewis, D., & Burke, C. J. (1949) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0059088 · Cited by 190
Young preschoolers' understanding of emotions.
Denham, S. A., & Couchoud, E. A. (1990) · Child study journal · Cited by 188
Recognition and posing of emotional expressions by abused children and their mothers.
Camras, L. A., Ribordy, S., Hill, J., & Martino, S. (1988) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037//0012-1649.24.6.776 · Cited by 178
Communication of individual emotions by spontaneous facial expressions.
Wagner, H. L., MacDonald, C., & Manstead, A. S. R. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.50.4.737 · Cited by 178
Self-citation
Production and Discrimination of Facial Expressions by Preschool Children
Field, T. M., & Walden, T. A. (1982) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1982.tb04169.x · Cited by 167
Recognition of Emotional Expression by Abused Children
Camras, L. A., Grow, J. G., & Ribordy, S. C. (1983) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374418309533152 · Cited by 166
Children's Use of Expressive and Contextual Cues in Judgments of Emotion
Reichenbach, L., & Masters, J. C. (1983) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129903 · Cited by 164
Facial expression in the presence of friends and strangers
Wagner, H. L., & Smith, J. M. T. M. (1991) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986922 · Cited by 141
Self-citation
Age and social competence in preschoolers' decoding of facial expression
Philippot, P., & Feldman, R. S. (1990) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1990.tb00885.x · Cited by 139
The expression and perception of facial emotion in alexithymia: a pilot study.
McDonald, P., & Prkachin, K. M. (1990) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199003000-00007 · Cited by 139
Children's Social Competence and Nonverbal Encoding and Decoding of Emotions
Custrini, R. J., & Feldman, R. S. (1989) · Journal of Clinical Child Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1804_7 · Cited by 138
Recognition of Vocal Expressions of Emotion
van Bezooijen, R., Otto, S. A., & Heenan, T. A. (1983) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022002183014004001 · Cited by 138
A cross-sectional study of emotion recognition in schizophrenics.
Walker, E. F., Marwit, S. J., & Emory, E. K. (1980) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.89.3.428 · Cited by 133
Recognition of Facial Expression in Three Cultures
Boucher, J. D., & Carlson, G. E. (1980) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022180113003 · Cited by 131
Discrimination of Facial Expressions by Preschool Children
Walden, T. A., & Field, T. M. (1982) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1982.tb04170.x · Cited by 123
Accuracy and Latency of Judgment of Facial Expressions of Emotions
Kirouac, G., & Doré, F. Y. (1983) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1983.57.3.683 · Cited by 122
Maternal facial behavior and the recognition and production of emotional expression by maltreated and nonmaltreated children.
Camras, L. A., Ribordy, S., Hill, J., Martino, S., Sachs, V., Spaccarelli, S., & Stefani, R. (1990) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.26.2.304 · Cited by 117
Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education
Kirouac, G., & Doré, F. Y. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987555 · Cited by 112
Impaired Emotional Recognition Following Severe Head Injury
Jackson, H. F., & Moffat, N. (1987) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(87)80039-4 · Cited by 105
The effects of task order on children's identification of facial expressions
Harrigan, J. A. (1984) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00993071 · Cited by 94
A Cross-Cultural Study of Recognition Thresholds for Facial Expressions of Emotion
McAndrew, F. T. (1986) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022002186017002005 · Cited by 87
Emotion Recognition IN Disturbed AND Normal Children: A Research Note
Walker, E. F. (1981) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1981.tb00551.x · Cited by 85
Abusive and Nonabusive Mothers' Ability to Identify General and Specific Emotion Signals of Infants
Kropp, J. P., & Haynes, O. M. (1987) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1130300 · Cited by 81
Communication of specific emotions: Gender differences in sending accuracy and communication measures
Wagner, H. L., Buck, R., & Winterbotham, M. (1993) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987007 · Cited by 78
Self-citation
Children's Understanding of Facial Expressions Used during Conflict Encounters
Camras, L. A. (1980) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1129477 · Cited by 78
Children's and adults' recognition of spontaneous and posed emotional expressions in young children.
Felleman, E. S., Carlson, C. R., Barden, R. C., Rosenberg, L. M., & Masters, J. C. (1983) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.19.3.405 · Cited by 78
Psychology: A Study of Mental Life. By R. S. Woodworth, Ph. D. (New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1921.)
Wells, F. L. (1922) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.79.1.124 · Cited by 75
Ethnic bias in the recognition of facial expressions
Kilbride, J. E., & Yarczower, M. (1983) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986328 · Cited by 73
The Recognition of Adults' and Children's Facial Expressions of Emotions
Tremblay, C., Kirouac, G., & Doré, F. Y. (1987) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1987.9712674 · Cited by 69
Recognition of Emotion from Facial Expression in Mental Handicap
Gray, J. M., Fraser, W. L., & Leudar, I. (1983) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.142.6.566 · Cited by 67
Development of recognition of emotions: Children's reliance on situational and facial expressive cues.
Wiggers, M., & van Lieshout, C. F. (1985) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.21.2.338 · Cited by 65
Perceptual Skill in Decoding Facial Affect
Mandal, M., & Palchoudhury, S. (1985) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1985.60.1.96 · Cited by 58
Preschool children's ability to identify and label emotions
Stifter, C. A., & Fox, N. A. (1986) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987483 · Cited by 56
The Recognition of Embarrassment
Edelmann, R. J., & Hampson, S. E. (1981) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/014616728171017 · Cited by 53
Emotion Recognition in Ethiopia
Ducci, L., Arcuri, L., Georgis, T. W., & Sineshaw, T. (1982) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022002182013003005 · Cited by 52
The role of social skills in encoding posed and spontaneous facial expressions
Tucker, J. S., & Riggio, R. E. (1988) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986927 · Cited by 48
Facial expressions of mentally retarded and nonretarded children: I. Recognition by mentally retarded and nonretarded adults.
Maurer, H. S., & Newbrough, J. R. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 47
Personality and the enactment of emotion
Friedman, H. S., Riggio, R. E., & Segall, D. O. (1980) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987053 · Cited by 46
Verbal and nonverbal expression of affect in speech of schizophrenic and depressed patients.
Levin, S., Hall, J. A., Knight, R. A., & Alpert, M. (1985) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.94.4.487 · Cited by 45
Social inhibition of spontaneous facial expressions in children.
Yarczower, M., & Daruns, L. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.43.4.831 · Cited by 44
Big girls don't frown, big boys don't cry?Gender differences of professional actors in communicating emotion via facial expression
Wallbott, H. G. (1988) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986928 · Cited by 43
Accuracy of Facial Affect Recognition as a Function of Locus of Control Orientation and Anticipated Interpersonal Interaction
Nowicki, S., & Hartigan, M. (1988) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/00224545.1988.9713753 · Cited by 43
Unitization of spontaneous nonverbal behavior in the study of emotion communication.
Buck, R. W., Baron, R. M., Goodman, N., & Shapiro, B. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.522 · Cited by 43
The spontaneous facial expression of differential positive and negative emotions
Wagner, H. L. (1990) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00995547 · Cited by 42
Self-citation
Influence of children's emotional states on the recognition of emotion in peers and social motives to change another's emotional state
Carlson, C. R., Felleman, E. S., & Masters, J. C. (1983) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00992965 · Cited by 38
Emotional traits and recognition of facial expression of emotion
Toner, H. L., & Gates, G. R. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987558 · Cited by 36
Recognition and Imitation of Facial Expressions: A Cross-Cultural Comparison between Zambia and the United States
Kilbride, J. E., & Yarczower, M. (1980) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022180113004 · Cited by 35
PERCEPTION AND JUDGMENT OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS AMONG THE CHINESE
Chan, D. W. (1985) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00207598508247563 · Cited by 33
Speaking emotionally: The relation between verbal and vocal communication of affect.
Apple, W., & Hecht, K. (1982) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.42.5.864 · Cited by 32
Facial attractiveness and vocal likeability as determinants of nonverbal sending skills1
Larrance, D. T., & Zuckerman, M. (1981) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1981.tb00219.x · Cited by 29
The time it takes to identify facial expressions: Effects of age, gender of subject, sex of sender, and type of expression
Stanners, R. F., Byrd, D. M., & Gabriel, R. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986880 · Cited by 28
Preschool children's ability to identify and label emotions
Stifter, C. A., & Fox, N. A. (1987) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00999606 · Cited by 28
Identification of spontaneous and deliberate behavior
Allen, V. L., & Atkinson, M. L. (1981) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987461 · Cited by 27
Appreciation of emotional expressions in the visual and auditory modality in normal and brain-damaged patients
Ehlers, L., & Dalby, M. A. (1987) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03576.x · Cited by 26
The robustness of communication of emotion via facial expression: Emotion recognition from photographs with deteriorated pictorial quality
Wallbott, H. G. (1991) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420210107 · Cited by 26
Decoding of profile versus full-face expressions of affect
Kleck, R. E., & Mendolia, M. (1990) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01006578 · Cited by 25
Actual and perceived emotional sending and personality correlates
Riggio, R. E., Widaman, K. F., & Friedman, H. S. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987139 · Cited by 25
Enhancing children's decoding of facial expression
Beck, L., & Feldman, R. S. (1989) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00990297 · Cited by 23
Response Biases in Eye-Gaze Perception
Martin, W. W., & Rovira, M. (1982) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1982.9915341 · Cited by 22
Identification Des Expressions Faciales Emotionnelles Par Un Echantillon Quebecois Francophone
Kirouac, G., & Doré, F. Y. (1982) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00207598208247427 · Cited by 21
The recognition of pure and blended facial expressions of emotion from still photographs
Nummenmaa, T. (1988) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1988.tb00773.x · Cited by 19
Decoding of Facial Affect in Schizophrenia
Mandal, M., & Palchoudhury, S. (1985) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1985.56.2.651 · Cited by 18
Decoding Children's Expressions of Affect
Feinman, J. A., & Feldman, R. S. (1982) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1982.tb03445.x · Cited by 17
An experimental analysis of discriminability and bias in eye-gaze judgment
Martin, W. W., & Rovira, M. (1981) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00986132 · Cited by 15
Adults' emotional states and recognition of emotion in young children
Carlson, C. R., Gantz, F. P., & Masters, J. C. (1983) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/bf00992966 · Cited by 15
Decoding facial expressions: A new test with decoding norms
Leathers, D. G., & Emigh, T. H. (1980) · Quarterly Journal of Speech · doi:10.1080/00335638009383539 · Cited by 14
Ability to recognize emotion in normal and mentally retarded Japanese children
Sogon, S., & Izard, C. E. (1985) · Japanese Psychological Research · doi:10.4992/psycholres1954.27.125 · Cited by 12
Encoding and decoding of nonverbal behavior through facial expressions
Gallagher, D. M., & Shuntich, R. J. (1981) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/0092-6566(81)90023-4 · Cited by 11
Content-masking methods as determinants of results of studies of nonverbal communication
Sincoff, J. B., & Rosenthal, R. (1985) · Journal of Nonverbal Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf00987143 · Cited by 10
Posing and Judging Facial Expressions of Emotion: The Effects of Social Skills
Goldenthal, P. (1985) · Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1521/jscp.1985.3.3.325 · Cited by 4

On the universality and cultural specificity of emotion recognition: a meta-analysis
Elfenbein, H. A., & Ambady, N. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.2.203 · Cited by 2,049
Vocal communication of emotion: A review of research paradigms
Scherer, K. (2003) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/s0167-6393(02)00084-5 · Cited by 2,044
The Ryerson Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech and Song (RAVDESS): A dynamic, multimodal set of facial and vocal expressions in North American English
Livingstone, S. R., & Russo, F. A. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0196391 · Cited by 1,883
Is there universal recognition of emotion from facial expression? A review of the cross-cultural studies.
Russell, J. A. (1994) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.115.1.102 · Cited by 1,640
Communication of emotions in vocal expression and music performance: different channels, same code?
Juslin, P. N., & Laukka, P. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.770 · Cited by 1,273

See all 450

Authors: Wagner, H. L.
Venue: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1993
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Pages: 3-28
ISSN: 0191-5886 (ISSN-L)
1573-3653
DOI: 10.1007/bf00987006
OpenAlex: W2084388911
Cited by: 450
References: 94
FWCI: 5.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

On measuring performance in category judgment studies of nonverbal behavior

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources