Three diagnostic systems for autism: DSM-III, DSM-III-R, and ICD-10
Abstract
ICD-10 draft research criteria for childhood autism were applied to a previously published data set comparing DSM-III and DSM-III-R to clinicians' diagnoses of autism. The ICD-10 approach paralleled clinicians' patterns of diagnosis and, to a lesser extent, the DSM-III system. Relative to either clinicians, DSM-III, or ICD-10 the DSM-III-R system overdiagnosed the presence of autism. Implications for research and for future revision of diagnostic criteria are discussed.
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Research suggested that the concept of PDD may have been overly broadened.
“However, research quickly began to suggest that the concept of PDD may have been overly broadened (Factor 1989; Hertzig et al. 1990; Volkmar et al. 1992a).”
From The Diagnosis of Autism: From Kanner to DSM-III to DSM-5 and Beyond (2021) · cites this paper as Volkmar et al. 1992a
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Martin, C., Pepa, L., & Lord, C. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-76574-2.00003-7
Recognizing autism in vulnerable populations: an equity lens and guidance
AlMuraikhi, M., Azeem, M. W., Malik, S., & Nazeer, A. (2026) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000001069
- Authors
- Volkmar, F. R., Cicchetti, D. V., Bregman, J., & Cohen, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- Volkmar, Fred R.
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 1992-12
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 483-492
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2042533307
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH30929)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD03008, P01HD003008)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, diagnostic criteria, DSM-III, DSM-III-R, ICD-10, childhood autism, overdiagnosis, clinician diagnosis, diagnostic criteria revision
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Infant, Language Development Disorders, Male, Intellectual Disability, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Social Behavior
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