On gravity's role in quantum state reduction
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Assumption (Q) is manifestly violated by theories that postulate a modification of standard quantum mechanics, such as spontaneous and gravity-induced collapse models.
“Assumption (Q) is manifestly violated by theories that postulate a modification of standard quantum mechanics, such as spontaneous16–20 and gravity-induced21–23 collapse models (cf. 24 for a review).”
From Quantum theory cannot consistently describe the use of itself (2018) · cites this paper as [23]
Penrose postulates that quantum information is routinely lost in the quantum measurement process.
“To complete the picture it should be mentioned that Penrose postulates that (quantum) information is actually routinely lost in the quantum measurement process.”
From Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, gravitational entropy and quantum information (2023) · cites this paper as [49]
The scenario leads to empirical predictions qualitatively equivalent to those involving objective information loss.
“Interestingly, such a scenario leads to empirical predictions, which are qualitatively equivalent to the ones involving objective information loss [49,50].”
From Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, gravitational entropy and quantum information (2023) · cites this paper as [49]
In DP, the superposition reduces in a timescale τ ≈ h/E_G, where τ is an average time like a half-life, and the actual reduction time is random.
“In the DP scheme for OR, the superposition reduces to one of the alternatives in a timescale τ that can be estimated (for a superposition of two states each of which is assumed to be taken to be stationary on its own) according to the formula τ ≈ h/E G .An important point to make about τ , however, is that it represents merely a kind of average time for the state reduction to take place.It is very”
From Consciousness in the universe (2014) · cites this paper as [93]
The Diósi-Penrose (DP) proposal gives an objective physical threshold, providing a plausible lifetime for quantum-superposed states.
“The DP proposal gives an objective physical threshold, providing a plausible lifetime for quantum-superposed states.”
From Consciousness in the universe (2014) · cites this paper as [93]
In DP, the reduction R of the quantum state is an actual physical process not part of conventional unitary formalism, resulting from melding general relativity with quantum formalism.
“In the DP version of OR, the reduction R of the quantum state does not arise as some kind of convenience or effective consequence of environmental decoherence, etc., as the conventional U formalism would seem to demand, but is instead taken to be one of the consequences of melding together the principles of Einstein's general relativity with those of the conventional unitary quantum formalism U,”
From Consciousness in the universe (2014) · cites this paper as [93]
Tiny differences in space-time structure can have large effects on the rules of quantum mechanics.
“Surprising as it may seem, however, such tiny differences in space-time structure can have large effects, for they entail subtle but fundamental influences on the very rules of quantum mechanics [92][93][94][95].”
From Consciousness in the universe (2014) · cites this paper as [93]
DP is a proposal for extending quantum mechanics that takes the bridge between quantum and classical physics as a quantum-gravitational phenomenon.
“Diósi-Penrose objective reduction (DP) is a particular proposal for an extension of current quantum mechanics, taking the bridge between quantum-and classical-level physics as a 'quantum-gravitational' phenomenon.”
From Consciousness in the universe (2014) · cites this paper as [93]
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“We believe that the underlying scheme of Orch OR has a good chance of being basically correct in its fundamental conceptions.”
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- Authors
- Penrose, R.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Penrose, Roger
- Venue
- General Relativity and Gravitation
- Published
- 1996-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 581-600
- ISSN
- 0001-7701 (ISSN-L)
- 1572-9532
- OpenAlex
- W2114287606
- Cited by
- 1,872
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 125 · 2025: 217 · 2024: 159 · 2023: 159 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 136 · 2020: 116 · 2019: 104 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 94 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 51
- FWCI
- 7.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- General Relativity and Gravitation (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Keywords
- quantum state reduction, gravitational self-energy, quantum superposition, energy uncertainty, gravitational time dilation, spontaneous wave function collapse, Newtonian limit
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