Age-related macular degeneration: ultrastructural studies of the relationship of leucocytes to angiogenesis
Abstract
We describe the ultrastructural features of subretinal neovascularisation associated with the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The choroidal origin of new vessels was confirmed, and ultrastructural details are presented. Serial sectioning of new vessels revealed a relationship between leucocytes and neovascular structures. The results are discussed in the context of the previously established role of leucocytes in angiogenesis. Our results provide circumstantial evidence, based on morphological observations, for the involvement of leucocytes in the promotion of neovascular proliferation and exudation from new vessels.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Macrophages have been documented both morphologically and functionally in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
“Macrophages have been documented both morphologically and functionally in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.137–142”
From Age-related macular degeneration (2008) · cites this paper as [138]
Cites
Activated macrophages induce vascular proliferation
Polverini, P. J., Cotran, R. S., Gimbrone, M. A., & Unanue, E. R. (1977) · Nature · doi:10.1038/269804a0 · Cited by 805 · see citing works
Basement Membrane Collagen: Degradation by Migrating Endothelial Cells
Kalebic, T., Garbisa, S., Glaser, B. M., & Liotta, L. A. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6190230 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Senile macular degeneration: The involvement of immunocompetent cells
Penfold, P. L., Killingsworth, M. C., & Sarks, S. H. (1985) · Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1007/bf02150948 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Self-citationSENILE MACULAR DEGENERATION: REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC FEATURES
Ferris, F. L. (1983) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113624 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Ryan, S. J. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Softening of drusen and subretinal neovascularization.
Sarks, S. H., Van Driel, D., Maxwell, L., & Killingsworth, M. C. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 144 · see citing works
MPhil, P. P., BSppSc, M. K., & Sarks, S. H. (1984) · Australian Journal of Opthalmology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.1984.tb01120.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Fromer, C., & Klintworth, G. K. (1976) · PubMed · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Penfold, P. L., Killingsworth, M. C., & Sarks, S. H. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationChoroidal Neovascularization Can Digest Bruch's Membrane
Heriot, W. J., Henkind, P., Bellhorn, R. W., & Burns, M. S. (1984) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(84)34112-4 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The ultrastructure of lymphocytes.
Zucker‐Franklin, D. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Electron Microscopy of Human Blood Cells
Barkhan, P. (1973) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Fromer, C., & Klintworth, G. K. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Electron microscopic studies of human granulocytes: structural variations related to function.
Zucker‐Franklin, D. (1968) · PubMed · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Electron Microscopic Features of Experimental Choroidal Neovascularization
ARCHER, D. B., & Gardiner, T. A. (1981) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/0002-9394(81)90230-0 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Electron microscopy of human blood cells
Tanaka, Y., & Goodman, J. R. (1972) · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The effects of leukocyte depletion on corneal neovascularization.
Sholley, M. M., Gimbrone, M. A., & Cotran, R. S. (1978) · PubMed · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Subretinal neovascularization after argon laser photocoagulation
Ryan, S. J. (1980) · Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1007/bf00413394 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Newly-formed subretinal vessels. Fine structure and fluorescein leakage.
Miller, H., Miller, B. T., & Ryan, S. J. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Modulation of endothelial cell morphology and collagen synthesis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Kay, E. P., Nimni, M. E., & Smith, R. E. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Gillett, M. P. T. (1978) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365517809104897 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Lymphocyte-induced corneal neovascularization: a morphologic assessment.
Epstein, R. J., & Hughes, W. F. (1981) · PubMed · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Development and ultrastructure of peripheral subretinal neovascularizations
Spitznas, M., & Bornfeld, N. (1978) · Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1007/bf00406987 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Current concepts in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
Zarbin, M. A. (2004) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.122.4.598 · Cited by 1,006 · see citing works
Age-related macular degeneration: etiology, pathogenesis, and therapeutic strategies
Ambati, J., Ambati, B. K., Yoo, S. H., Ianchulev, S., & Adamis, A. P. (2003) · Survey of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00030-4 · Cited by 959 · see citing works
Age-related Macular Degeneration Histopathologic Studies
Green, W. R., & Enger, C. (1993) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31466-1 · Cited by 757 · see citing works
The dynamic nature of Bruch's membrane
Booij, J. C., Baas, D. C., Beisekeeva, J., Gorgels, T. G. M. F., & Bergen, A. A. B. (2010) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.08.003 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Age-related macular degeneration
Coleman, H. R., Chan, C.-C., Ferris, F. L., & Chew, E. Y. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61759-6 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Immunological and Aetiological Aspects of Macular Degeneration
Penfold, P. L., Madigan, M. C., Gillies, M. C., & Provis, J. M. (2001) · Progress in Retinal and Eye Research · doi:10.1016/s1350-9462(00)00025-2 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Self-citationCataract surgery and the 5-year incidence of late-stage age-related maculopathy
Wang, J. J., Klein, R., Smith, W., Klein, B. E. K., Tomany, S., & Mitchell, P. (2003) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(03)00816-9 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Cataract Surgery and the 10-Year Incidence of Age-Related Maculopathy
Cugati, S., Mitchell, P., Rochtchina, E., Tan, A. G., Smith, W., & Wang, J. J. (2006) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.05.047 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Shen, W. Y., Yu, M. J. T., Barry, C. J., Constable, I. J., & Rakoczy, P. E. (1998) · British Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1136/bjo.82.9.1063 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Synthesis and Propagation of Complement C3 by Microglia/Monocytes in the Aging Retina
Rutar, M., Valter, K., Natoli, R., & Provis, J. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093343 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationCherepanoff, S., Mitchell, P., Wang, J. J., & Gillies, M. C. (2006) · Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.2006.01281.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
- Authors
- Penfold, P. L., Provis, J. M., & Billson, F. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- ORCID
- Provis, J. M.
- Venue
- Graefes Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology
- Published
- 1987-02
- Volume
- 225
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 70-76
- ISSN
- 0721-832X (ISSN-L)
- 1435-702X
- OpenAlex
- W1988476950
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Keywords
- age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, angiogenesis, leukocytes, leukocyte ultrastructure, exudation
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Leukocytes, Macular Degeneration, Microscopy, Electron, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Retina
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review