Cited by 293Schizophrenia research and treatmentFace Recognition and PerceptionMental Health and Psychiatry

Facial expression and emotional face recognition in schizophrenia and depression

Gaebel, Wolfgang, Wölwer, Wolfgang·1992·European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

Abstract

Twenty-three acute schizophrenics, 21 acute major depressives (Research Diagnostic Criteria), and 15 normal controls participated in a study on facial expression and emotional face recognition. Under clinical conditions, spontaneous facial expression was assessed according to the affective flattening section of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Under experimental laboratory conditions involuntary (emotion-eliciting interview) and voluntary facial expression (imitation and simulation of six basic emotions) were recorded on videotape, from which a raterbased analysis of intensity or correctness of facial activity was obtained. Emotional face recognition was also assessed under experimental conditions using the same stimulus material. All subjects were assessed twice (within 4 weeks), controlling for change of the psychopathological status in the patient groups. In schizophrenics, neuroleptic drug influence was controlled by random allocation to treatment with either haloperidol or perazine. The main findings were that schizophrenics and depressives are characterized by different quantitative, qualitative, and temporal patterns of affect-related dysfunctions. In particular, schizophrenics demonstrated a trait-like deficit in affect recognition and in their spontaneous and voluntary facial activity, irrespective of medication, drug type and dosage, or extrapyramidal side-effects. In depressives a stable deficit could be demonstrated only in their involuntary expression under emotion-eliciting interview conditions, whereas in the postacute phase a reduction in their voluntary expression became apparent. Differences in patterns of affect-related behavioral deficits may reflect dysfunctions in different underlying psychobiological systems.

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Crossref · 10.1007/bf02190342

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Authors
Gaebel, W., & Wölwer, W.
Affiliations
Freie Universität Berlin (DE)
Venue
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Published
1992-09
Volume
242
Issue
1
Pages
46-52
ISSN
  • 0003-9373 (ISSN-L)
  • 0940-1334
  • 1433-8491
OpenAlex
W2011370092
Cited by
293
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 14
FWCI
2.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
Keywords
facial expressions, facial emotion recognition, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, affective flattening, negative symptoms, spontaneous facial expressions, emotion induction, haloperidol, perazine, antipsychotic drugs, extrapyramidal symptoms
MeSH terms
Adult, Depressive Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Emotions, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Research Design, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Videotape Recording, Visual Perception

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