Sex hormone binding globulin levels across the adult lifespan in women–the role of body mass index and fasting insulin

Maggio, M.; Lauretani, F.; Basaria, S.; Ceda, G. P.; Bandinelli, S.; Metter, E. J.; Bos, A. J.; Ruggiero, C.; Ceresini, G.; Paolisso, G.; Artoni, A.; Valenti, G.; Guralnik, J. M.; Ferrucci, L.

doi:10.1007/bf03345608

Cited by 77Hormonal and reproductive studiesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsOvarian function and disorders

Sex hormone binding globulin levels across the adult lifespan in women–the role of body mass index and fasting insulin

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Maggio, M., Lauretani, F., Basaria, S., Ceda, G. P., Bandinelli, S., Metter, E. J., Bos, A. J., Ruggiero, C. +6 more·2008·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

DOI 10.1007/bf03345608PMC PMC2648802

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Abstract

SHBG is a major carrier of androgens. In men, SHBG levels increase with age, while in women data are scant. There is evidence that body mass index (BMI) and fasting insulin influence SHBG concentration. Since low SHBG levels are predictors of insulin resistance and diabetes, understanding the relationship of SHBG with age, insulin, and BMI is important to gain insight into the role of SHBG as a cardiovascular risk factor in women. Differences in SHBG across adult life span and their relationship with insulin and BMI were evaluated in a representative cohort of 616 Italian women free of diabetes and not on hormone replacement therapy enrolled in the InCHIANTI Study. The relationship of SHBG with age, BMI, and fasting insulin levels was analyzed using linear regression and by loess smoother. Serum SHBG levels showed a U-shaped trajectory with age, declining from the 2nd to the 6th decade of life and increasing after the 6th decade (p<0.0001). Age-related trends for BMI and fasting insulin mirrored the trend observed for SHBG. After adjusting for fasting insulin, the relationship between log (SHBG) and age square was attenuated (beta coefficient from 0.00044 to 0.00039) and was further reduced after adjustment for BMI (from 0.00039 to 0.00028). SHBG levels show an age-related U-shaped trajectory. These changes mirror the age-related changes in BMI and fasting insulin, suggesting that BMI and insulin negatively influence SHBG concentration.

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In post-menopausal women, lower SHBG concentrations are associated with higher central adiposity.
“In post-menopausal women, it appears that lower SHBG concentrations are associated with higher central adiposity (113).”
From Metabolic impact of endogenously produced estrogens by adipose tissue in females and males across the lifespan (2025) · cites this paper as [113]
In “Insulin and body mass index” (page unavailable), the paper reports that BMI and SHBG follow opposite patterns across adult life, supporting an association with overall adiposity. It does not report a central-adiposity measure or establish that association specifically in post-menopausal participants; its References instead list a study of upper-body adiposity in postmenopausal women. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Authors: Maggio, M., Lauretani, F., Basaria, S., Ceda, G. P., Bandinelli, S., Metter, E. J., Bos, A. J., Ruggiero, C., Ceresini, G., Paolisso, G., Artoni, A., Valenti, G., Guralnik, J. M., & Ferrucci, L.
Affiliations: University of Parma (IT)
Agenzia Regionale di Sanità della Toscana (IT)
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (IT)
National Institute on Aging (US)
University of Naples Federico II (IT)
National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Ferrucci, L.
ORCID: Maggio, M.
Lauretani, F.
Basaria, S.
Ceda, G. P.
Bandinelli, S.
Ruggiero, C.
Ceresini, G.
Paolisso, G.
Guralnik, J. M.
Ferrucci, L.
Venue: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2008-07
Volume: 31
Issue: 7
Pages: 597-601
ISSN: 0391-4097 (ISSN-L)
1720-8386
DOI: 10.1007/bf03345608
PMC: PMC2648802
OpenAlex: W2032054176
Cited by: 77
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 1.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
hdl.handle.net
Licence: other-oa
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (Z99 AG999999)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Keywords: sex hormone-binding globulin, body mass index, fasting insulin, age-related changes, women, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk, InCHIANTI study, androgen binding
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Fasting, Female, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Body Mass Index, Young Adult

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Sex hormone binding globulin levels across the adult lifespan in women–the role of body mass index and fasting insulin

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