CAS proteins in normal and pathological cell growth control
Open accessAbstract
Proteins of the CAS (Crk-associated substrate) family (BCAR1/p130Cas, NEDD9/HEF1/Cas-L, EFS/SIN and CASS4/HEPL) are integral players in normal and pathological cell biology. CAS proteins act as scaffolds to regulate protein complexes controlling migration and chemotaxis, apoptosis, cell cycle, and differentiation, and have more recently been linked to a role in progenitor cell function. Reflecting these complex functions, over-expression of CAS proteins has now been strongly linked to poor prognosis and increased metastasis in cancer, as well as resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics in multiple tumor types including breast and lung cancers, glioblastoma, and melanoma. Further, CAS proteins have also been linked to additional pathological conditions including inflammatory disorders, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as developmental defects. This review will explore the roles of the CAS proteins in normal and pathological states in the context of the many mechanistic insights into CAS protein function that have emerged in the past decade.
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Little is currently known about CASS4 biology or its role in neurological health and disease.
“Despite CASS4 being increasingly linked to AD risk in humans (EADB et al., 2026; Lambert et al., 2013; Lin et al., 2017; Ramos de Matos et al., 2018; Schwartzentruber et al., 2021; Wang et al., 2015b), little is currently known about CASS4 biology or its role in neurological health and disease.”
From Alzheimer’s genetic risk factor CASS4 controls microglial focal adhesion biology and amyloidosis (2026) · cites this paper as Tikhmyanova et al., 2010
The Introduction, section (1) (page unavailable), says relatively few publications addressed CASS4 function, supporting the claim that its biology was little understood when this 2010 review was written. Section (8) discusses neurological disease in relation to NEDD9, not CASS4. The review does not establish how much was known about CASS4’s neurological roles at the citing paper’s later date. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Frisch, S. M., & Screaton, R. A. (2001) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00251-9 · Cited by 1,249 · see citing works
HEF1-Dependent Aurora A Activation Induces Disassembly of the Primary Cilium
Pugacheva, E. N., Jablonski, S. A., Hartman, T. R., Henske, E. P., & Golemis, E. A. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.04.035 · Cited by 890 · see citing works
Self-citationA novel Cas family member, HEPL, regulates FAK and cell spreading
Singh, M. K., Dadke, D., Nicolas, E., Serebriiskii, I. G., Apostolou, S., Canutescu, A., Egleston, B. L., & Golemis, E. A. (2008) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-09-0953 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Tikhmyanova, N., Little, J. L., & Golemis, E. A.
- Affiliations
- Fox Chase Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Golemis, Erica A.
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
- Published
- 2009-11-25
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1025-1048
- ISSN
- 1420-682X (ISSN-L)
- 1420-9071
- PMC
- PMC2836406
- OpenAlex
- W1964246500
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (NIH R01 CA63366, R01CA113342, NIH T32 CA009035, T32CA009035, R01CA063366, P30CA006927, CA06927)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Cancer Mechanisms and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mechanisms of cancer metastasis
- Keywords
- scaffold proteins, cell migration, chemotaxis, apoptosis, cell cycle, cell differentiation, progenitor cells, metastasis, chemoresistance, breast cancer, lung cancer, glioblastoma, melanoma, inflammatory diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, developmental defects
- MeSH terms
- Cell Movement, Humans, Neoplasms, Phosphoproteins, Apoptosis, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Crk-Associated Substrate Protein
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