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Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the anterior cruciate ligament-return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale into Turkish
Abstract
Purpose To translate and culturally adapt the anterior cruciate ligament-return to sport after injury (ACL-RSI) scale into Turkish (ACL-RSI-Tr) and examine and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version in individuals who have undergone anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods The ACL-RSI was forward- and back-translated, culturally adapted and validated on ninety-three Turkish individuals who had undergone ACL reconstruction (5 females, 88 males; age 28.7 ± 8.6 years; body mass 80.1 ± 13.9 kg; height 178.8 ± 6.9 cm; body mass index 25.0 ± 3.7 kg/m 2 ). All patients completed the translated ACL-RSI, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and International Knee Documentary Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm questionnaires. We then analysed the internal consistency, reliability and validity of the newly formed ACL-RSI-Tr scale. Results The ACL-RSI-Tr showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC 0.92) and was significantly correlated with the KOOS 'quality of life' (r = 0.58, p Conclusions The Turkish version of the ACL-RSI scale was valid, discriminant, consistent and reliable in patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction. This score could be useful to evaluate the effect of psychological factors on return to sport following ACL surgery. Level of evidence Diagnostic study, Level I.
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Significant negative correlations have been reported between ACL-RSI and TSK-11, ranging from weak to strong, suggesting that greater psychological readiness to return to sport may be associated with lower kinesiophobia.
“Significant negative correlations have been reported between the ACL-RSI and the TSK-11, ranging from weak to strong, suggesting that greater psychological readiness to RTS may be associated with lower kinesiophobia (Kvist et al., 2013; Harput et al., 2017; Slagers et al., 2017; Sala-Barat et al., 2020).”
From The relationship between psychological readiness to return to sport and kinesiophobia in teens and young adults after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (2025) · cites this paper as Harput et al., 2017
Several papers have reported correlations between ACL-RSI and TSK-11 scores in the adult population after ACL reconstruction.
“Although psychological readiness and kinesiophobia are two unique constructs, several papers have reported correlations between ACL-RSI and TSK-11 scores in the adult population after ACLR (Kvist et al., 2013; Harput et al., 2017; Sala-Barat et al., 2020).”
From The relationship between psychological readiness to return to sport and kinesiophobia in teens and young adults after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (2025) · cites this paper as Harput et al., 2017
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Butler, L., Baez, S., Walker, C., Roman, D., Douthit, T., Kuenze, C., Ulman, S., & ARROW (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1623398 · Cited by 9
Metadata
- Authors
- Harput, G., Tok, D., Ulusoy, B., Eraslan, L., Yildiz, T. I., Turgut, E., Demirci, S., Duzgun, I., Tunay, V. B., Baltaci, G., & Ergun, N.
- Affiliations
- Hacettepe University (TR)
- Venue
- Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-08-18
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 159-164
- ISSN
- 0942-2056 (ISSN-L)
- 1433-7347
- OpenAlex
- W2517674392
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 5.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Knee injuries and reconstruction techniques
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Foot and Ankle Surgery
- Keywords
- anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, return to sport, ACL-RSI scale, Turkish translation, cross-cultural adaptation, psychometric properties, kinesiophobia, knee osteoarthritis, quality of life, psychological factors in recovery
- MeSH terms
- Return to Sport, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Translations, Turkey, Reproducibility of Results, Young Adult, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
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