Predictive eye movements in natural vision

Hayhoe, Mary M.; McKinney, Travis; Chajka, Kelly; Pelz, Jeff B.

doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2979-2

Cited by 156Motor Control and AdaptationVisual perception and processing mechanismsAction Observation and Synchronization

Predictive eye movements in natural vision

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Hayhoe, Mary M., McKinney, Travis, Chajka, Kelly, Pelz, Jeff B.·2012·Experimental Brain Research

DOI 10.1007/s00221-011-2979-2PMC PMC3328199

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Abstract

In the natural world, the brain must handle inherent delays in visual processing. This is a problem particularly during dynamic tasks. A possible solution to visuo-motor delays is prediction of a future state of the environment based on the current state and properties of the environment learned from experience. Prediction is well known to occur in both saccades and pursuit movements and is likely to depend on some kind of internal visual model as the basis for this prediction. However, most evidence comes from controlled laboratory studies using simple paradigms. In this study, we examine eye movements made in the context of demanding natural behavior, while playing squash. We show that prediction is a pervasive component of gaze behavior in this context. We show in addition that these predictive movements are extraordinarily precise and operate continuously in time across multiple trajectories and multiple movements. This suggests that prediction is based on complex dynamic visual models of the way that balls move, accumulated over extensive experience. Since eye, head, arm, and body movements all co-occur, it seems likely that a common internal model of predicted visual state is shared by different effectors to allow flexible coordination patterns. It is generally agreed that internal models are responsible for predicting future sensory state for control of body movements. The present work suggests that model-based prediction is likely to be a pervasive component in natural gaze control as well.

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The value of an eye movement lies in reducing uncertainty and increasing the expected reward (probability of success) of a future action.
“An alternative explanation however emerges from studies of eye movements in natural behaviors, which suggests that the value of an eye movement lies in reducing uncertainty and increasing the expected reward (probability of success) of a future action (Ballard and Hayhoe, 2009; Hayhoe et al., 2012; Rothkopf et al., 2007; Tatler et al., 2011).”
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“…studies of eye movements in natural behaviors, which suggest that the value of an eye movement lies in reducing uncertainty and increasing the expected reward (probability of success) of a future action (Ballard and Hayhoe, 2009; Hayhoe et al., 2012; Rothkopf et al., 2007; Tatler et al., 2011).”
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Authors: Hayhoe, M. M., McKinney, T., Chajka, K., & Pelz, J. B.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
University at Albany, State University of New York (US)
Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Hayhoe, Mary M.
ORCID: Hayhoe, Mary M.
Pelz, Jeff B.
Venue: Experimental Brain Research
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-12-20
Volume: 217
Issue: 1
Pages: 125-136
ISSN: 0014-4819 (ISSN-L)
1432-1106
DOI: 10.1007/s00221-011-2979-2
PMC: PMC3328199
OpenAlex: W1977007448
Cited by: 155
References: 61
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 2.76
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Experimental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Eye Institute (R01EY005729, EY05729)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
Keywords: predictive eye movements, gaze control, internal models, saccades, smooth pursuit eye movements, squash, natural behavior, motor coordination
MeSH terms: Adult, Humans, Movement, Pursuit, Smooth, Saccades, Vision, Ocular

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