From eye movements to actions: how batsmen hit the ball
Abstract
In cricket, a batsman watches a fast bowler's ball come toward him at a high and unpredictable speed, bouncing off ground of uncertain hardness. Although he views the trajectory for little more than half a second, he can accurately judge where and when the ball will reach him. Batsmen's eye movements monitor the moment when the ball is released, make a predictive saccade to the place where they expect it to hit the ground, wait for it to bounce, and follow its trajectory for 100-200 ms after the bounce. We show how information provided by these fixations may allow precise prediction of the ball's timing and placement. Comparing players with different skill levels, we found that a short latency for the first saccade distinguished good from poor batsmen, and that a cricket player's eye movement strategy contributes to his skill in the game.
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During the interception of a bouncing ball, a visual fixation is generally directed towards the bounce point of the oncoming projectile.
“During the interception of a bouncing ball, a visual fixation is generally directed towards the bounce point of the oncoming projectile [64].”
From Testing predictive coding theories of autism spectrum disorder using models of active inference (2023) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Land, M. F., & McLeod, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Sussex (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Land, Michael F.
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1340-1345
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- OpenAlex
- W1580261990
- Cited by
- 725
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 4.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- cricket batting, eye movements, saccades, predictive saccades, fixation, ball trajectory prediction, visual attention, motor control, skill level differences, fast bowling
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Baseball, Humans, Male, Motion Perception, Motor Skills, Psychomotor Performance, Pursuit, Smooth, Reaction Time, Saccades, Sports, Head Movements
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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