The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Blood, Urine, and Sweat (BUS) Study: Monitoring and Elimination of Bioaccumulated Toxic Elements
Abstract
There is limited understanding of the toxicokinetics of bioaccumulated toxic elements and their methods of excretion from the human body. This study was designed to assess the concentration of various toxic elements in three body fluids: blood, urine and sweat. Blood, urine, and sweat were collected from 20 individuals (10 healthy participants and 10 participants with various health problems) and analyzed for approximately 120 various compounds, including toxic elements. Toxic elements were found to differing degrees in each of blood, urine, and sweat. Serum levels for most metals and metalloids were comparable with those found in other studies in the scientific literature. Many toxic elements appeared to be preferentially excreted through sweat. Presumably stored in tissues, some toxic elements readily identified in the perspiration of some participants were not found in their serum. Induced sweating appears to be a potential method for elimination of many toxic elements from the human body. Biomonitoring for toxic elements through blood and/or urine testing may underestimate the total body burden of such toxicants. Sweat analysis should be considered as an additional method for monitoring bioaccumulation of toxic elements in humans.
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“In healthcare settings, PFAS-coated devices such as catheters, guidewires, and implantable materials may represent a significant but under-recognized route of exposure, particularly among vulnerable populations such as neonates, children, and critically ill patients [10].”
From Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) in Healthcare: Environmental and Clinical Insights (2025) · cites this paper as [10]
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health
Baker, L. B. (2019) · Temperature · doi:10.1080/23328940.2019.1632145 · Cited by 732
“Such reports [280,314,318] have led some to hypothesize that these chemicals are perhaps preferentially excreted in sweat to reduce the body burden.”
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“Cd is also significantly present in sweat during sauna, which appears to be a moderately successful modality for reducing body burden of Cd without risk of tubular damage [132], albeit at a rate slower than that of intravenous chelation with EDTA.”
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Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Genuis, S. J., Birkholz, D., Rodushkin, I., & Beesoon, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Luleå University of Technology (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Genuis, Stephen J.
- Venue
- Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
- Published
- 2010-11-06
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 344-357
- ISSN
- 0090-4341 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0703
- OpenAlex
- W2144786108
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- toxic elements, bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, sweat analysis, urine, blood, biomonitoring, metalloids, excretion pathways, body burden, heavy metals
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Chemical Analysis, Body Fluids, Cross-Sectional Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Humans, Male, Metals, Middle Aged, Sweat, Young Adult
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