On-line infrared spectroscopy for bioprocess monitoring
Abstract
One of the major aims of bioprocess engineering is the real-time monitoring of important process variables. This is the basis of precise process control and is essential for high productivity as well as the exact documentation of the overall production process. Infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique to analyze a wide variety of organic compounds. Thus, infrared sensors are ideal instruments for bioprocess monitoring. The sensors are non-invasive, have no time delay due to sensor response times, and have no influence on the bioprocess itself. No sampling is necessary, and several components can be analyzed simultaneously. In general, the direct monitoring of substrates, products, metabolites, as well as the biomass itself is possible. In this review article, insights are provided into the different applications of infrared spectroscopy for bioprocess monitoring and the complex data interpretation. Different analytical techniques are presented as well as example applications in different areas.
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Currently, there are few reviews of vibrational spectroscopy as it pertains to the microalgae industry, and these reviews do not take into account the technological progress and development of on-line/in-line vibrational spectroscopy implemented in bioprocess, pharmaceutical, and liquid and solid food industries.
“Currently, there are few reviews of vibrational spectroscopy as it pertains to the microalgae industry [9,17-19]; however, these reviews do not take into account the technological progress and development of on-line/in-line vibrational spectroscopy implemented in bioprocess, pharmaceutical, and liquid and solid food industries [20-28]”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
NIR spectroscopy is used to analyze vibrational spectra produced from the overtones of fundamental vibrations occurring in the 12 500 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 MIR range and from stretch vibrations of hydrogen bonds (3600 - 2400 cm-1); effectively, the range is between 13 000 and 4000 cm-1.
“NIR spectroscopy is used to analyze vibrational spectra produced from the overtones of fundamental vibrations occurring in the 12 500 cm -1 to 4000 cm -1 MIR range and from stretch vibrations of hydrogen bonds (3600 - 2400 cm -1 ); effectively, the range is between 13 000 and 4000 cm -1 [20].”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
The monitoring of intracellular and extracellular macromolecules in bioprocesses shares many intrinsic similarities to yeast and bacteria bioprocesses.
“the monitoring of intracellular and extracellular macromolecules in bioprocesses share many intrinsic similarities to yeast and bacteria bioprocesses, which have been extensively reviewed together due to these similarities [20,21,29].”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
There are numerous cases of in situ MIR applications, all of which use ATR-FTIR probes to acquire quantitative MIR spectra of a multitude of media components and bioproducts.
“There are numerous cases of in situ MIR applications, all of which use ATR-FTIR probes to acquire quantitative MIR spectra of a multitude of media components and bioproducts [20,21].”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
MIR spectra relevant to the microalgal industry obtained in situ in yeast and bacterial bioreaction suspensions in 5 L to 15 L reactors include optical density, ammonium, phosphates, acetate, glucose, fructose, organic acids as well as several bioproducts.
“MIR spectra relevant to the microalgal industry obtained in situ in yeast and bacterial bioreaction suspensions in 5 L to 15 L reactors include optical density, ammonium, phosphates, acetate, glucose, fructose, organic acids as well as several bioproducts [20,21].”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
NIR in vivo analysis of microalgae has only yet investigated biomass, lipids, and carotenoids, but the potential use of high-selectivity on-line/in-line NIR in microalgae bioreactions is evidenced by its prolific use in other bioprocesses.
“NIR in vivo analysis of microalgae has only yet investigated biomass, lipids, and carotenoids (Fig. 2) but the potential use of high-selectivity on-line/in-line NIR in microalgae bioreactions is evidenced by its prolific use in other bioprocesses [20,21].”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
A promising mode of MIR for wet applications is attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), which has had growing applications in pharmaceutical, agro-food, and environmental sectors and can be used on-line/in-line in liquid media.
“However, a promising mode of MIR for wet applications is attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTR), which has had growing applications in pharmaceutical, agro-food, and environmental sectors and can be used on-line/in-line in liquid media (see reviews by [20] and [21]).”
From Microalgal process-monitoring based on high-selectivity spectroscopy tools: status and future perspectives (2018) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Landgrebe, D., Haake, C., Höpfner, T., Beutel, S., Hitzmann, B., Scheper, T., Rhiel, M., & Reardon, K. F.
- Affiliations
- Leibniz University Hannover (DE)
- Novartis (Switzerland) (CH)
- Colorado State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Scheper, Thomas
- Venue
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
- Published
- 2010-07-22
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11-22
- ISSN
- 0175-7598 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0614
- OpenAlex
- W2075435986
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Keywords
- infrared spectroscopy, bioprocess monitoring, real-time process monitoring, infrared sensors, process control, biomass monitoring, metabolite analysis, spectral interpretation
- MeSH terms
- Biotechnology, Culture Media, Organic Chemicals, Spectrophotometry, Infrared, Biomass, Bioreactors
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