The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The skin barrier as an innate immune element
Abstract
Since life in a terrestrial environment threatens mammals continuously with desiccation, the structural, cellular, biochemical, and regulatory mechanisms that sustain permeability barrier homeostasis have justifiably comprised a major thrust of prior and recent research on epidermal barrier function. Yet, the epidermis mediates a broad set of protective 'barrier' functions that includes defense against pathogen challenges. Permeability and antimicrobial function are both co-regulated and interdependent, overlapping through the dual activities of their lipid/protein constituents. Most of the defensive (barrier) functions of the epidermis localize to the stratum corneum (SC), which limits pathogen colonization through its low water content, acidic pH, resident (normal) microflora, and surface-deposited antimicrobial lipids (1 degree free fatty acid). These various barrier functions are largely mediated by either the corneocyte or the extracellular matrix, and it is both the localization and the organization of secreted hydrophobic lipids into characteristic lamellar bilayers that is critical not only for permeability barrier function, but also for antimicrobial function through its contribution to the maintenance of SC integrity. Low constitutive levels of antimicrobial peptides under basal conditions emphasize the key role of epithelial structure in antimicrobial defense. But antimicrobial peptide synthesis and delivery to the SC interstices accelerates after external insults…
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“the pH of infection sites is varied,25, 80-82”
From Bacterial Responses to Iron Withholding by Calprotectin (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
In the citing paper
“in acidic environments the Fe(II):Fe(III) ratio is increased, causing bacteria prioritize Fe(II) uptake”
From Bacterial Responses to Iron Withholding by Calprotectin (2021) · cites this paper as [82]
Citations
Cites
Defensins: antimicrobial peptides of innate immunity
Ganz, T. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1180 · Cited by 3,066
Epidermal Lipids, Barrier Function, and Desquamation
Elias, P. M. (1983) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.1983.12 · Cited by 1,351
Self-citationInnate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection
Nizet, V., Ohtake, T., Lauth, X., Trowbridge, J., Rudisill, J., Dorschner, R. A., Pestonjamasp, V., Piraino, J., Huttner, K., & Gallo, R. L. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35106587 · Cited by 1,198
Stratum Corneum Defensive Functions: An Integrated View
Elias, P. M. (2005) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.0022-202x.2005.23668.x · Cited by 772
Self-citationThe permeability barrier in mammalian epidermis.
Elias, P. M., & Friend, D. S. (1975) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.65.1.180 · Cited by 699
Self-citationStructural and Lipid Biochemical Correlates of the Epidermal Permeability Barrier
ELIAS, P. M., & MENON, G. K. (1991) · Advances in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-024924-4.50005-5 · Cited by 678
Self-citationAntimicrobial psoriasin (S100A7) protects human skin from Escherichia coli infection
Gläser, R., Harder, J., Lange, H., Bartels, J., Christophers, E., & Schröder, J.-M. (2005) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1142 · Cited by 651
Oren, Z., Lerman, J. C., Gudmundsson, G. H., Agerberth, B., & Shai, Y. (1999) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3410501 · Cited by 599
Hachem, J.-P., Crumrine, D., Fluhr, J., Brown, B. E., Feingold, K. R., & Elias, P. M. (2003) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12365.x · Cited by 530
Self-citationChamlin, S. (2002) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(02)00048-8 · Cited by 449
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Barland CO, Elias PM, Ghadially R (2005) The aged epidermal barrier: basis for functional abnormalities. In: Elias PM, Feingold KR (eds) Skin barrier. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 535–552
- Hachem JP, Schurer N, Roelandt T, Pu X, Guiddelo C, Man M-Q, Crumrine D, Feingold KR, Mauro T, Elias PM (2007) Hyperacidification of stratum corneum produces a ‘super-barrier’ in normal human and rodent skin. J Invest Dermatol (in press)
- Radin NS (2006) Preventing the binding of pathogens to the host by controlling sphingolipid metabolism. Microbes Infect 8:938–945 · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.09.005
- Viani FC, Dos Santos JI, Paula CR, Larson CE, Gambale W (2001) Production of extracellular enzymes by Microsporum canis and their role in its virulence. Med Mycol 39:463–468 · doi:10.1080/mmy.39.5.463.468
Cited by
Grice, E. A., & Segre, J. A. (2011) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2537 · Cited by 3,143
Bio-Integrated Wearable Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Ray, T. R., Choi, J., Bandodkar, A. J., Krishnan, S., Gutruf, P., Tian, L., Ghaffari, R., & Rogers, J. A. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00573 · Cited by 1,350
The immunology of the porcine skin and its value as a model for human skin
Summerfield, A., Meurens, F., & Ricklin, M. E. (2015) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.023 · Cited by 551
Basis for the barrier abnormality in atopic dermatitis: Outside-inside-outside pathogenic mechanisms
Elias, P. M., Hatano, Y., & Williams, M. L. (2008) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.01.022 · Cited by 458
Self-citationHow UV Light Touches the Brain and Endocrine System Through Skin, and Why
Slominski, A. T., Zmijewski, M. A., Plonka, P. M., Szaflarski, J. P., & Paus, R. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2017-03230 · Cited by 452
Metadata
- Authors
- Elias, P. M.
- Venue
- Seminars in Immunopathology
- Published
- 2007-03-30
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-14
- ISSN
- 1863-2297 (ISSN-L)
- 1863-2300
- OpenAlex
- W2074043272
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 85
- FWCI
- 21.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
