Cited by 230Circadian rhythm and melatoninSleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

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Effect of tart cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels and enhanced sleep quality

Howatson, Glyn, Bell, Phillip G., Tallent, Jamie, Middleton, Benita, McHugh, Malachy P., Ellis, Jason·2012·European Journal of Nutrition

DOI 10.1007/s00394-011-0263-7

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Abstract

Background Tart Montmorency cherries have been reported to contain high levels of phytochemicals including melatonin, a molecule critical in regulating the sleep-wake cycle in humans.Purpose The aim of our investigation was to ascertain whether ingestion of a tart cherry juice concentrate would increase the urinary melatonin levels in healthy adults and improve sleep quality.Methods In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 20 volunteers consumed either a placebo or tart cherry juice concentrate for 7 days. Measures of sleep quality recorded by actigraphy and subjective sleep questionnaires were completed. Sequential urine samples over 48 h were collected and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (major metabolite of melatonin) determined; cosinor analysis was used to determine melatonin circadian rhythm (mesor, acrophase and amplitude). In addition, total urinary melatonin content was determined over the sampled period. Trial differences were determined using a repeated measures ANOVA.Results Total melatonin content was significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in the cherry juice group, whilst no differences were shown between baseline and placebo trials. There were significant increases in time in bed, total sleep time and sleep efficiency total (P < 0.05) with cherry juice supplementation. Although there was no difference in timing of the melatonin circardian rhythm, there was a trend to a higher mesor and amplitude.Conclusions These data suggest that consumption of a tart cherry juice concentrate provides an increase in exogenous melatonin that is beneficial in improving sleep duration and quality in healthy men and women and might be of benefit in managing disturbed sleep.

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Authors: Howatson, G., Bell, P. G., Tallent, J., Middleton, B., McHugh, M. P., & Ellis, J.
Affiliations: University of Johannesburg (ZA)
Northumbria University (GB)
University of Surrey (GB)
Lenox Hill Hospital (US)
Corresponding author: Howatson, Glyn
ORCID: Howatson, Glyn
Tallent, Jamie
Middleton, Benita
McHugh, Malachy P.
Ellis, Jason
Venue: European Journal of Nutrition
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2011-10-30
Volume: 51
Issue: 8
Pages: 909-916
ISSN: 1436-6207 (ISSN-L)
1436-6215
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0263-7
OpenAlex: W2130083497
Cited by: 230
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7
FWCI: 2.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: European Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Open Research (University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) (submittedVersion)
Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords: tart cherry juice, Montmorency cherry, sour cherry, melatonin, urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, sleep quality, sleep duration, exogenous melatonin, dietary supplementation, sleep disorders
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Beverages, Double-Blind Method, Female, Fruit, Humans, Male, Melatonin, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Supplements, Prunus, Young Adult, Actigraphy

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Effect of tart cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels and enhanced sleep quality

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