Cortisol and testosterone dynamics following exhaustive endurance exercise
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Purpose Cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) are impacted significantly by prolonged endurance exercise with inverse responses. Increases in C are witnessed concurrently with decrements in T, possibly impacting recovery. This study was conducted to assess the dynamics of C and free T (fT) concentration and recovery time following an exhaustive endurance exercise session (EES).Methods 12 endurance-trained males (X ± SD: VO2max 66.3±4.8 ml/kg/min, age 22.8 ± 3.1 years, body fat 11.0 ± 1.4 %, training 7.1 ± 3.2 years) completed a treadmill EES at ventilatory threshold (74.7 ± 4.6 % of VO2max; 96.9 ± 10.8 min). Basal blood C and fT were collected at baseline: -48, -24 h, and immediately before (0 h) the EES as well as immediately (+0 h), +24 h, +48 h, and +72 h after the EES. Blood glucose (G) was measured to confirm no undue influence on C. Statistically data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA (LSD post hoc).Results C (nmol/L) increased significantly from -48 h (321 ± 59) to +0 h (701 ± 178) (p < 0.001), and displayed a baseline overshoot with +24 h (209 ± 67) being significantly lower than -48 and +0 h (p < 0.03). fT (pmol/L) decreased significantly from -48 h (161 ± 40) to +0 h (106 ± 38) (p < 0.01) and remained lower at +24 h (110 ± 33) and +48 h (129 ± 30) (p < 0.001). G remained stable throughout. A moderately negative correlation (r = -0.636, p < 0.026) was found between C and fT at +0 h.Conclusions EES recovery may require 48 h for C and 72 h for fT to return to baseline values. Furthermore, C and fT were only correlated immediately post-exercise. Future research should perform more frequent measurements throughout time course.
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Endurance exercise causes an increase in cortisol plasma level concurrently with a decrease in testosterone.
“Similarly, endurance exercise has caused cortisol plasma level increase concurrently with testosterone decrease [87].”
From Fibromyalgia pathogenesis explained by a neuroendocrine multistable model (2024) · cites this paper as [87]
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- Authors
- Anderson, T., Lane, A. R., & Hackney, A. C.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Anderson, Travis
- Venue
- European Journal of Applied Physiology
- Published
- 2016-06-04
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1503-1509
- ISSN
- 0020-9376 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-6319
- 1439-6327
- OpenAlex
- W2413079014
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 8.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- libres.uncg.edu
- Locations
- European Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- cortisol, free testosterone, post-exercise recovery
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Hydrocortisone, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Running, Testosterone, Exercise, Down-Regulation, Young Adult
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