Adaptive response of equine intestinal Na+/glucose co-transporter (SGLT1) to an increase in dietary soluble carbohydrate
Abstract
Experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that consumption of hydrolyzable carbohydrate, hCHO (grain), by horses is an important risk factor for colic, a common cause of equine mortality. It is unknown whether the small intestinal capacity to digest hCHO and/or to absorb monosaccharides is limiting, or even if horses can adapt to increased carbohydrate load. We investigated changes in the brush-border membrane carbohydrate digestive enzymes and glucose absorptive capacity of horse small intestine in response to increased hCHO. Expression of the Na(+)/glucose co-transporter, SGLT1, was assessed by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, Northern blotting, QPCR, and Na(+)-dependent D-glucose transport. Glucose transport rates, SGLT1 protein, and mRNA expression were all 2-fold higher in the jejunum and 3- to 5-fold higher in the ileum of horses maintained on a hCHO-enriched diet compared to pasture forage. Activity of the disaccharidases was unaltered by diet. In a well-controlled study, we determined SGLT1 expression in the duodenal and ileal biopsies of horses switched, gradually over a 2-month period, from low (<1.0 g/kg bwt/day) to high hCHO (6.0 g/kg bwt/day) diets of known composition. We show that SGLT1 expression is enhanced, with time, 2-fold in the duodenum and 3.3-fold in the ileum. The study has important implications for dietary management of the horse.
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A high-carbohydrate diet increases the number of sodium glucose co-transporter transporters in the intestine and their activity, allowing greater carbohydrate absorption and oxidation during exercise.
“For example, a high-carbohydrate diet will increase the number of sodium glucose co-transporter transporters in the intestine as well as the activity of the transporters [75–78], allowing greater carbohydrate absorption and oxidation during exercise [74].”
From Periodized Nutrition for Athletes (2017) · cites this paper as [76]
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- Authors
- Dyer, J., Al-Rammahi, M., Waterfall, L., Salmon, K. S. H., Geor, R. J., Bouré, L., Edwards, G. B., Proudman, C. J., & Shirazi-Beechey, S. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Ontario Veterinary College (CA)
- Venue
- Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology
- Published
- 2008-12-02
- Volume
- 458
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 419-430
- ISSN
- 0031-6768 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-2013
- OpenAlex
- W1997475562
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 6.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Horse Trust
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Equine › Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- SGLT1, horses, colic, small intestine, glucose absorption, brush border enzymes, disaccharidases, dietary adaptation, duodenum, ileum, jejunum, monosaccharide transport
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, alpha-Glucosidases, Animals, Dietary Carbohydrates, Female, Horses, Ileum, Immunohistochemistry, Jejunum, Male, Microvilli, RNA, Messenger, Solubility, Sucrase, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1, Glucose Transporter Type 2
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