Expression of monosaccharide transporters in intestine of diabetic humans
Abstract
Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is an increasingly common disease, which brings a number of life-threatening complications. In rats with experimentally induced diabetes, there is an increase in the capacity of the intestine to absorb monosaccharides. We have examined the activity and the expression of monosaccharide transporters in the intestine of patients suffering from NIDDM. Na+-dependent d-glucose transport was 3.3-fold higher in brush-border membrane (BBM) vesicles isolated from duodenal biopsies of NIDDM patients compared with healthy controls. Western analysis indicated that SGLT1 and GLUT5 protein levels were also 4.3- and 4.1-fold higher in diabetic patients. This was associated with threefold increases in SGLT1 and GLUT5 mRNA measured by Northern blotting. GLUT2 mRNA levels were also increased threefold in the intestine of diabetic patients. Analysis of other BBM proteins indicated that the activity and abundance of sucrase and lactase were increased by 1.5- to 2-fold and the level of the structural proteins villin and β-actin was enhanced 2-fold in diabetic patients compared with controls. The increase in the capacity of the intestine to absorb monosaccharides in human NIDDM is due to a combination of intestinal structural change with a specific increase in the expression of the monosaccharide transporters SGLT1, GLUT5, and GLUT2.
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Experiments in animal models and patients with type 2 diabetes have shown a gain in function of SGLT-1 and a corresponding increase in the rate of intestinal glucose absorption.
“While experiments in animal models and patients with type 2 diabetes have shown a gain in function of SGLT-1 and corresponding increase in the rate of intestinal glucose absorption (73,74)”
From Gut mechanisms linking intestinal sweet sensing to glycemic control (2018) · cites this paper as [74]
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“While experiments in animal models and patients with type 2 diabetes have shown a gain in function of SGLT-1 and corresponding increase in the rate of intestinal glucose absorption (73, 74), the targeting of intestinal glucose absorption has received comparatively little attention.”
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- Authors
- Dyer, J., Wood, I. S., Palejwala, A., Ellis, A., & Shirazi-Beechey, S. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Royal Liverpool University Hospital (GB)
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZJ; and
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2002-02-01
- Volume
- 282
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- G241-G248
- ISSN
- 0193-1857 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1547
- OpenAlex
- W2100090810
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 2.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Digestive system and related health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, monosaccharide transporters, intestinal glucose absorption, SGLT1, GLUT5, GLUT2, brush border membrane, duodenum, sucrase, lactase, villin, beta-actin, mRNA expression
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biopsy, Carrier Proteins, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Disaccharidases, Female, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Microfilament Proteins, Middle Aged, Monosaccharide Transport Proteins, RNA, Messenger, Blotting, Northern, Blotting, Western, Gene Expression, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1, Glucose Transporter Type 2, Glucose Transporter Type 5
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