Early family regularity protects against later disruptive behavior
Open accessAbstract
Infants' temperamental anger or frustration reactions are highly stable, but are also influenced by maturation and experience. It is yet unclear why some infants high in anger or frustration reactions develop disruptive behavior problems whereas others do not. We examined family regularity, conceptualized as the consistency of mealtime and bedtime routines, as a protective factor against the development of oppositional and aggressive behavior. This study used prospectively collected data from 3136 families participating in the Generation R Study. Infant anger or frustration reactions and family regularity were reported by mothers when children were ages 6 months and 2-4 years, respectively. Multiple informants (parents, teachers, and children) and methods (questionnaire and interview) were used in the assessment of children's oppositional and aggressive behavior at age 6. Higher levels of family regularity were associated with lower levels of child aggression independent of temperamental anger or frustration reactions (β = -0.05, p = 0.003). The association between child oppositional behavior and temperamental anger or frustration reactions was moderated by family regularity and child gender (β = 0.11, p = 0.046): family regularity reduced the risk for oppositional behavior among those boys who showed anger or frustration reactions in infancy. In conclusion, family regularity reduced the risk for child aggression and showed a gender-specific protective effect against child oppositional behavior associated with anger or frustration reactions. Families that ensured regularity of mealtime and bedtime routines buffered their infant sons high in anger or frustration reactions from developing oppositional behavior.
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Engaging in regular routines can buffer the effects of family stress and individual child risk factors on child wellbeing.
“engaging in regular routines can buffer against the effects of family stress [37] and individual child risk factors [28,38,39] on child wellbeing.”
From Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
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Cites
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Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond.
Mindell, J. A., & Williamson, A. A. (2018) · Sleep medicine reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2017.10.007 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rijlaarsdam, J., Tiemeier, H., Ringoot, A. P., Ivanova, M. Y., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Verhulst, F. C., & Roza, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University (NL)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roza, Sabine J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Published
- 2015-11-20
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 781-789
- ISSN
- 1018-8827 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-165X
- PMC
- PMC4932141
- OpenAlex
- W2177022705
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sophia Foundation for Scientific Research (SSWO) (201310)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Infant Health and Development
- Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
- Keywords
- mealtime routines, bedtime routines, disruptive behavior, oppositional behavior, child aggression, gender differences, protective factors, Generation R Study
- MeSH terms
- Problem Behavior, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prospective Studies, Temperament
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