Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) with methylene blue increases membrane permeability in Candida albicans
Abstract
Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is a potential antimicrobial therapy that combines light and a photosensitizing drug, promoting a phototoxic effect on the treated cells, in general via oxidative damage. In this work we studied the effect of PACT, using methylene blue (MB), on the permeability of Candida albicans membrane. Our results demonstrated that the combination of MB and laser (684 nm) promoted a decrease in Candida growth. The inhibition was more pronounced in the presence of 0.05 mg/ml MB and with an energy density of 28 J/cm(2). The decrease in Candida growth was associated with an increase in membrane permeabilization. Thus, we suggest that a PACT mechanism using MB can be related to damage in the plasma membranes of the cells.
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Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of phenothiazine dyes such as methylene blue, new methylene blue, and toluidine blue in PDT for the reduction of fungi.
“Many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of phenothiazine dyes such as methylene blue, new methylene blue, and toluidine blue in PDT for the reduction of fungi [256,258,259,261].”
From Candida glabrata Biofilms: How Far Have We Come? (2017) · cites this paper as [261]
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Souza, R. C., Junqueira, J. C., Rossoni, R. D., Pereira, C. A., Munin, E., & Jorge, A. O. C. (2010) · Lasers in Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s10103-009-0706-z · Cited by 167 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Giroldo, L. M., Felipe, M. P., de Oliveira, M. A., Munin, E., Alves, L. P., & Costa, M. S.
- Affiliations
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (BR)
- Venue
- Lasers in Medical Science
- Published
- 2007-12-22
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 109-112
- ISSN
- 0268-8921 (ISSN-L)
- 1435-604X
- OpenAlex
- W2058709977
- Cited by
- 151
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Lasers in Medical Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, methylene blue, Candida albicans, membrane permeability, membrane permeabilization, cell membrane damage, photosensitizers, laser irradiation, antifungal therapy, fungal growth inhibition
- MeSH terms
- Candida albicans, Cell Membrane Permeability, Fluorometry, Lasers, Methylene Blue, Photochemotherapy
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