The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using Respondent-Driven Sampling Methodology for HIV Biological and Behavioral Surveillance in International Settings: A Systematic Review
Abstract
To determine operational and analytical characteristics of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in international settings and to explore factors that may affect recruitment of most-at-risk populations using RDS, we reviewed HIV biological and behavioral surveillance studies that used this method outside of the United States. We identified 123 eligible studies, 59 from Europe, 40 from Asia and the Pacific, 14 from Latin America, seven from Africa and three from Oceania. Studies collectively recruited 32,298 participants between 2003 and 2007; 53% of studies were conducted among injecting drug users, which generally had faster recruitment compared with studies among sex workers. All but 13 studies reached > or = 90% of their intended sample size, and six studies failed to reach equilibrium for key variables. This review has shown that RDS is an effective technique, when designed and implemented appropriately, to sample most-at-risk populations for HIV biological and behavioral surveys.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The most common intervention has been the respondent driven sampling (RDS) approach in which IDUs who have received a behavioral intervention are then given coupons to distribute within their social networks so these peers can then also receive the intervention [61].”
From Social Network Analysis for Program Implementation (2015) · cites this paper as [61]
Citations
Cites
Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzm042 · Cited by 42,509
von Elm, E., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., Pocock, S. J., Gøtzsche, P. C., & Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61602-x · Cited by 21,320
Moher, D., Schulz, K. F., & Altman, D. G. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04337-3 · Cited by 5,373
Respondent-Driven Sampling: A New Approach to the Study of Hidden Populations
Heckathorn, D. D. (1997) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/3096941 · Cited by 4,379
5. Sampling and Estimation in Hidden Populations Using Respondent-Driven Sampling
Salganik, M., & Heckathorn, D. D. (2004) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.0081-1750.2004.00152.x · Cited by 1,981
Heckathorn, D. D. (2002) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2002.49.1.11 · Cited by 1,882
Targeted Sampling: Options for the Study of Hidden Populations
Watters, J. K., & Biernacki, P. (1989) · Social Problems · doi:10.2307/800824 · Cited by 1,500
Review of sampling hard-to-reach and hidden populations for HIV surveillance
Magnani, R. J., Sabin, K. M., Saidel, T., & Heckathorn, D. D. (2005) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000172879.20628.e1 · Cited by 1,045
Sexual mixing patterns and sex-differentials in teenage exposure to HIV infection in rural Zimbabwe
Gregson, S., Nyamukapa, C. A., Garnett, G. P., Mason, P. R., Zhuwau, T., Caraël, M., Chandiwana, S. K., & Anderson, R. M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08780-9 · Cited by 582
Variance Estimation, Design Effects, and Sample Size Calculations for Respondent-Driven Sampling
Salganik, M. (2006) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-006-9106-x · Cited by 424
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Chopra, M., Johnston, L. G., Townsend, L., Mathews, C., Cloete, N., Shaikh, N., & Qotole, M. (2007). HIV prevalence and associated risk behavioural surveillance among ‘sugar daddies’ in Cape Town. Presented at the South Africa AIDS Conference. 2007. Durban, South Africa, 2007.
- Volz, E., Wejnert, C., Degani, I., & Heckathorn, D. D. (2007). Respondent-driven sampling analysis tool (RDSAT) version 5.6. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–433 of 433
HIV Risk among Men Who Have Sex with Men in a Large Chinese City
Zhang, L. (2013)
Risk behaviors for STIs and HIV in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
Delisle, B. (2012) · eSpace (Curtin University)
Multiple seed structure and disconnected networks in respondent-driven samplingPreprint
Malmros, J., & Rocha, L. E. C. (2016) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1603.04222
“…sampled individuals until the desired sample size has been reached or until recruitment ceases by itself, in which case often additional seeds are recruited among not yet sampled members of the target population in order to re-initiate recruitment to the sample (Malekinejad et al., 2008).”
InfluentialFrancisco, U. S., Kral, A. H., Alexis, N. E., & Fisher, H. H. (2010)
Macklin, R., Zh, R., Sungkanuparph, S., Kiertiburanakul, S., Apisarnthanarak, A., Malathum, K., Carr, A., In, N. J., & Afifi, R. (2009)
KERR, L. R. F. S., Kendall, C., Pontes, M. K., Werneck, G. L., McFarland, W., Mello, M. B., Martins, T. A., & Macena, R. H. M. (2011)
Self-citationHCV: Will Drug Users Benefit of the Direct Acting Antivirals?
Chossegros, P. (2016) · Journal of Drug Abuse · doi:10.21767/2471-853x.100018
Tang, W. (2014) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
If You Are Not Counted, You Don't Count: Estimating The Size of Hidden Populations
Wesson, P. (2016) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
foi avaliada pela Banca Examinadora composta pelos seguintes membros
Filho, C. L. V., & Filho, V. (2013)
Reducing Seed Bias in Respondent-Driven Sampling by Estimating Block Transition ProbabilitiesPreprint
Zhang, Y., Rohe, K., & Roch, S. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1812.01188
“[2] Mohsen Malekinejad, Lisa Grazina Johnston, Carl Kendall, Ligia Regina Franco Sansigolo Kerr, Marina Raven Rifkin, and George W Rutherford.”
BackgroundMethod(2018) · International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education · doi:10.20431/2349-0381.0509011
(2018) · International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education · doi:10.20431/2349-0381.0512005
Lamont, G. (2017) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
Bias-Variance and Breadth-Depth Tradeoffs in Respondent-Driven SamplingPreprint
Nesterko, S., & Blitzstein, J. K. (2012) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1210.6059
“For 3-coupon RDS processes, 9 waves are obtained on average, which concurs with the average reported in (Malekinejad et al., 2008).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRespondent-Driven Sampling in Online Social NetworksPreprint
Homan, C. M., Silenzio, V., & Sell, R. L. (2013) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1308.6356
VanKim, N. A. (2014) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
(2018) · International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education · doi:10.20431/2349-0381.0502002
Neighborhood Bootstrap for Respondent-Driven Sampling
Yauck, M., Moodie, E. E. M., Apelian, H., Fourmigue, A., Grace, D., Hart, T. A., Lambert, G., & Cox, J. (2021) · Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology · doi:10.1093/jssam/smab057
A válaszadó-vezérelt mintavétel – kísérlet egy módszer társadalomtudományi szemléletű bemutatására
Simon, D. (2019) · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem · doi:10.15476/elte.2019.264
Makyao, N., Welty, S., Nondi, J., Sambu, V., Ndayongeje, J., & McFarland, W. (2017) · eajahme · doi:10.58498/eajahme.v1i1.9
Šević, S., Koletić, G., Blažić, T. N., Ličina, M. L. K., Andreić, J. L., Handanagić, S., Pavić, M. P., & Božičević, I. (2025) · Harm Reduction Journal · doi:10.1186/s12954-025-01174-3
“RDS relies on peer-driven recruitment from participants’ social networks, and the fieldwork starts with the participation of purposefully selected members of the target population [10].”
Prevalence of HIV in men who have sex with men in three Colombian cities. 2010, 2016, 2019
Fernández, D. Y. B., Ramos-Jaraba, S. M., & Mejía, S. B. (2024) · Revista de la Facultad de Medicina · doi:10.15446/revfacmed.v72n4.111415
de Brito, A. M., Júnior, F. M. L. P., de Almeida, R. B. F., Neves, C. V. D. A., Anderson, E. J., Chora, M., Shipman, H., Kerr, L. R. F. S., & Kendall, C. (2025) · Journal of Human Trafficking · doi:10.1080/23322705.2025.2567794
“RDS, developed by Heckathorn (1997), Heckathorn and Jeffri (2001), Heckathorn et al. (2002), is widely used by national and international organizations to sample hidden and hard-to-reach populations that are socially networked (Malekinejad et al., 2008).”
Self-citationInghels, M., Kouassi, A. K., Niangoran, S., Bekelynck, A., Carillon, S., Sika, L., Koné, M., Danel, C., du Loû, A. D., & Larmarange, J. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13724952
Rosende, P. F., Feijoo-Cid, M., Fernández‐Cano, M. I., Salas‐Nicás, S., Stuardo-Ávila, V., & Navarro, A. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24234217
Inghels, M., Kouassi, A. K., Niangoran, S., Bekelynck, A., Carillon, S., Sika, L., Koné, M., Danel, C., du Loû, A. D., & Larmarange, J. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13724949
Bovell-Ammon, B. J., Onofrey, S., Kimmel, S. D., Wurcel, A. G., & Klevens, R. M. (2026) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-026-26437-x
“…(RDS) design, where researchers first recruit a limited number of ‘seed’ participants and then incentivize participants to recruit additional participants through their existing social networks (who in turn can recruit others as well), leading to distinct recruitment ‘chains,’ or clusters [59–61].”
Aijaz, S., Vickerman, P. T., Салюк, Т., Nicholls, J. E., Gillespie, D., Hood, K., & Stone, J. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-104918
“Patients and/or the public were not involved in the design, or conduct, or reporting, or dissemination plans of this research.”
Respondent-Driven Sampling Recruitment Dynamics Among People Who Smoke Drugs in South AfricaPreprint
Sullivan, H. R., Carney, T., Ratangee, F., Wolhuter, N. N., Theron, D., Horsburgh, C. R., White, L. F., Warren, R. M., Jacobson, K. R., & Malatesta, S. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.09.15.26363109
Metadata
- Authors
- Malekinejad, M., Johnston, L. G., Kendall, C., Kerr, L. R. F. S., Rifkin, M. R., & Rutherford, G. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Tulane University (US)
- New Mexico State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Malekinejad, Mohsen
- Venue
- AIDS and Behavior
- Published
- 2008-06-17
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- S1
- Pages
- 105-130
- ISSN
- 1090-7165 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3254
- OpenAlex
- W2123624310
- Cited by
- 433
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 37
- FWCI
- 3.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AIDS and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Survey Sampling and Estimation Techniques
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Keywords
- respondent-driven sampling, HIV surveillance, most-at-risk populations, people who inject drugs, sex workers, recruitment, HIV behavioral surveillance
- MeSH terms
- Data Collection, Female, Humans, Male, Population Surveillance, Risk-Taking, Sampling Studies, Sexual Behavior, HIV Infections, Internationality
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review