Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,786

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study

Open access
Turker, Duygu·2009·Journal of Business Ethics

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s10551-008-9780-6

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Research works printed but not linked: 56

  1. Abbott W. F., R. J. Monsen 1979. On the Measurement of Corporate Social Responsibility: Self-Reported Disclosures as a Method of Measuring Corporate Social Involvement. Academy of Management Journal, 22(3), 501–515 · DOI · Paper page
  2. Ararat, M.: 2004, ‹Social Responsibility in a State Dependent System’, in A. Habisch, J. Jonker, M. Wegner and R. Schmidpeter (eds.), Corporate Social Responsibility Across Europe (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), Chapter 19, pp. 247–261
  3. Ararat, M.: 2006, ‹Corporate Social Responsibility Across Middle East and North Africa’, Working Paper. (Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1015925 ) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1015925
  4. Aupperle K. E.: 1984. An Empirical Measure of Corporate Social Orientation. In L. E. Preston (Eds.), Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy Vol. 6, pp. 27–54. Greenwich, CT: JAI
  5. Bagozzi R. P., Y. Yi, L. W. Phillips: 1991. Assessing Construct Validity in Organizational Research. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3), 421–458 · DOI · Paper page
  6. Baucus M. S., D. A. Baucus: 1997. Paying the Piper: An Empirical Examination of Longer-Term Financial Consequences of Illegal Corporate Behavior. Academy of Management Journal 40(1). 129–151 · doi:10.2307/257023
  7. Bragdon J. H., J. A. Marlin: 1972. Is Pollution Profitable?. Risk Management, 19, 9–18
  8. Bowen H. R.: 1953. Social Responsibilities of the Businessman. Harper & Row, New York
  9. Bugra A.: 2003. The Place of the Economy in Turkish Society. The South Atlantic Quarterly, 102(2/3), 453–470 · DOI
  10. Carroll A. B.: 1991. The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility: Toward the Moral Management of Organizational Stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34(4), 39–48 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Carroll A. B.: 1999. Corporate Social Responsibility – Evolution of a Definitional Construct. Business & Society, 38(3), 268–295 · DOI · Paper page
  12. Carroll A. B.: 2000. A Commentary and an Overview of Key Questions on Corporate Social Performance Measurement. Business & Society, 39(4), 466–478 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Charkham J.: 1994. Keeping Good Company: A Study of Corporate Governance in Five Countries. Claredon, Oxford · DOI · Paper page
  14. Chen K. H., R. W. Metcalf: 1984, The Relationship Between Pollution Control Record and Financial Indicators Revisited. The Accounting Review, 55, 168–177
  15. Clarkson, M. B. E.: 1994. ‹A Risk Based Model of Stakeholder Theory’, in Proceedings of the Second Toronto Conference on Stakeholder Theory (Centre for Corporate Social Performance & Ethics University of Toronto, Toronto)
  16. Clarkson M. B. E.: 1995. A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance. Academy of Management Review, 20(1), 92–117 · doi:10.5465/amr.1995.9503271994 · Paper page
  17. Daft R. L.: 2003, Management. Thomson South-Western, USA
  18. Davidson, W. N. and D. L. Worrell: 1990, ‹A Comparison and Test of the Use of Accounting and Stock Market Data in Relating Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance’, Akron Business and Economic Review 21, 7–19. (Cited in Maignan and Ferrell, 2000)
  19. Davis K.: 1960. Can Business Afford to Ignore Social Responsibilities? California Management Review, 2(3), 70–76 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Davis K.: 1973. The Case for and Against Business Assumption of Social Responsibilities. Academy of Management Journal, 16(2), 312–322 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Dawkins D., S. Lewis: 2003. CSR in Stakeholder Expectations: and Their Implication for Company Strategy. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(2/3), 185–193 · DOI · Paper page
  22. Eells R., C. Walton: 1974, Conceptual Foundations of Business (3rd ed.). Irwin, Burr Ridge, IL
  23. Etheredge J. M.: 1999. The Perceived Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility: An Alternative Scale Structure. Journal of Business Ethics 18, 51–64 · DOI
  24. Flam H.: 2004. Turkey and the EU: Politics and Economics of Accession. CESifo Economic Studies 50(1), 171–210 · doi:10.1093/cesifo/50.1.171
  25. Freedman N., B. Jaggi: 1982, Pollution Disclosures, Pollution Performance, and Economic Performance. The International Journal of Management Science, 10, 167–176
  26. Freedman M., C. Wasley: 1990. The Association Between Environmental Performance and Environmental Disclosure in Annual Reports and 10-Ks. Advances in Public Interest Accounting, 3, 183–193
  27. Freeman R. E.: 1984, Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Pitman, Boston
  28. Gray R., R. Kouhy, S. Lavers: 1995. Corporate Social and Environmental Reporting: A Review of the Literature and a Longitudinal Study of UK Disclosure. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 8(2), 47–77 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Greenwood M. R.: 2001. The Importance of Stakeholders According to Business Leaders. Business and Society Review, 106(1), 29–49 · doi:10.1111/0045-3609.00100
  30. Hair J. F., W. C. Black R. E. Anderson R L. Tatham: 2006. Multivariate Data Analysis, 6th ed. Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey
  31. Hosftede G.: 1980. Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
  32. Ingram R., K. Frazier: 1980. Environmental Performance and Corporate Disclosure. Journal of Accounting Research, 18(2), 614–622 · DOI · Paper page
  33. Mahoney L. S., L. Thorne: 2005. Corporate Social Responsibility and Long-Term Compensation: Evidence from Canada. Journal of Business Ethics, 57(3), 241–253 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Maignan I., O. C. Ferrell: 2000. Measuring Corporate Citizenship in Two Countries: The Case of the United States and France. Journal of Business Ethics, 23(3), 283–297 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Maignan I., O. C. Ferrell: 2004. Corporate Social Responsibility and Marketing: An Integrative Framework. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 32(1), 3–19 · DOI · Paper page
  36. McGuire J. W.: 1963. Business and Society. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  37. McGuire J. B., A. Sundgren, T. Schneeweis: 1988. Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Financial Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 31, 854–872 · DOI · Paper page
  38. Orpen C.: 1987. The Attitudes of United States and South African Managers to Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 6(2), 89–96 · doi:10.1007/bf00382022
  39. Ostlund L. E.: 1977. Attitudes of Managers Towards Corporate Social Responsibility. California Management Review, 19(4), 35–49 · DOI
  40. Peterson D. K.: 2004, The Relationship Between Perceptions of Corporate Citizenship and Organizational Commitment. Business and Society, 43(3), 296–319 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Quazi A. M., D. O’Brien: 2000, An Empirical Test of a Cross-National Model of Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 25, 33–51 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Rockness J. W. 1985, An Assessment of the Relationship Between US Corporate Environmental Performance and Disclosure. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 12(3), 339–354 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Ruf B. M., K. Muralidhar, K. Paul: 1998. The Development of a Systematic, Aggregate Measure of Corporate Social Performance. Journal of Management, 24(1), 119–133 · doi:10.1177/014920639802400101 · Paper page
  44. Sims R. R.: 2003. Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility: Why Giants Fall. Praeger, USA
  45. Singhapakdi A., S. J. Vitell, K. C. Rallapalli, K. L. Kraft: 1996. The Perceived Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility: A Scale Development. Journal of Business Ethics, 15, 1131–1140 · DOI · Paper page
  46. Smith D. 1993. The Frankenstein Syndrome: Corporate Responsibility and the Environment. In: D. Smith (ed) Business and the Environment: Implications of the New Environmentalism. Paul Chapman, London, pp. 172–189
  47. Smith, W. J. and R. S. Blackburn: 1988, ‹CSR: A Psychometric Examination of A Measurement Instrument’, Proceedings of the Southern Management Association, 293–295
  48. Votaw D.: 1972 Genius Became Rare: A Comment on the Doctrine of Social Responsibility. California Management Review, 15(2):25–31 · doi:10.2307/41164415
  49. Verdeyen V., J. Put, B. V. Buggenhout: 2004. A Social Stakeholder Model. International Journal of Social Welfare, 13, 325–331 · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2004.00328.x
  50. Waddock S. A., Graves S. B.: 1997. The Corporate Social Performance – Financial Performance Link. Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), 303–319 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Wheeler D., M. Sillanpaa: 1997. The Stakeholder Corporation: A Blueprint for Maximazing Stakeholder Value. Pitman, London
  52. Wheeler D., M. Sillanpaa: 1998, Including the Stakeholders: The Business Case. Long Range Planning, 31(2), 201–210 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Wherther W. B., D. Chandler: 2006. Responsibility: Stakeholders in a Global Environment. Sage, USA
  54. Wiseman J.: 1982. An Evaluation of Environmental Disclosures Made in Corporate Annual Reports’, Accounting, Organizations, and Society, 7(l), 53–63 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Wolfe, R. and K. Aupperle: 1991, ‹Introduction to Corporate Social Performance: Methods for Evaluating an Elusive Construct’, in J. E. Post (ed.), Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy, Vol. 12 (JAI Press, Greenwich, CT), pp. 265–268
  56. World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED): 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford University Press, Oxford

Metadata

Authors
Turker, D.
Venue
Journal of Business Ethics
Published
2008-05-23
Volume
85
Issue
4
Pages
411-427
ISSN
  • 0167-4544 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-0697
OpenAlex
W1974773993
Cited by
1,786
References
3
FWCI
47.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1007/s10551-008-9780-6
The paper
Turker, D. (2009). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study. Journal of Business Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9780-6

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.