The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct
Abstract
There is an impressive history associated with the evolution of the concept and definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In this article, the author traces the evolution of the CSR construct beginning in the 1950s, which marks the modern era of CSR. Definitions expanded during the 1960s and proliferated during the 1970s. In the 1980s, there were fewer new definitions, more empirical research, and alternative themes began to mature. These alternative themes included corporate social performance (CSP), stakeholder theory, and business ethics theory. In the 1990s, CSR continues to serve as a core construct but yields to or is transformed into alternative thematic frameworks.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance
Carroll, A. B. (1979) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/257850 · Cited by 10,480
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 54
- 10.2307/255740 · DOI · Paper page
- Ackerman, R. W., 1973, Harvard Business Review, 51, 88
- Ackerman, R. W., 1976, Corporate social responsiveness
- 10.2307/256210 · DOI · Paper page
- Backman, J., 1975, Social responsibility and accountability
- Barnard, C. I., 1938, The functions of the executive
- Bowen, H. R., 1953, Social responsibilities of the businessman
- 10.2307/41164638 · DOI · Paper page
- Carroll, A. B., 1977, Managing corporate social responsibility
- 10.5465/amr.1979.4498296 · DOI · Paper page
- Carroll, A. B., 1981, Business and society: managing corporate social performance
- Carroll, A. B., 1983, Vital Speeches of the Day, 49, 604
- 10.1016/0007-6813(91)90005-G · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/000765039403300102 · DOI
- Clark, J. M., 1939, Social control of business
- 10.2307/255956 · DOI · Paper page
- Committee for Economic Development, 1971, Social responsibilities of business corporations
- 10.1016/0007-6813(82)90124-0 · DOI
- 10.2307/41166246 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0007-6813(67)90007-9 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.2307/255331 · DOI · Paper page
- Davis, K., 1966, Business and its environment
- Drucker, P. F., 1954, The practice of management
- 10.2307/41165066 · DOI · Paper page
- Eells, R., 1974, Conceptual foundations of business
- Eilbert, H., 1973, Business Horizons, 16, 5, 10.1016/0007-6813(73)90043-8 · DOI
- 10.2307/41165254 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.5465/AMR.1976.4408754 · DOI
- 10.2307/41165405 · DOI · Paper page
- Freeman, R. E., 1984, Strategic management: A stakeholder approach
- Friedman, M., 1962, Capitalism and freedom
- Heald, M. (1957). Management’s responsibility to society: The growth of an idea. · DOI
- Heald, M., 1970, The social responsibilities of business: Company and community, 1900-1960
- 10.1016/0007-6813(76)90049-5 · DOI
- Johnson, H. L., 1971, Business in contemporary society: Framework and issues
- 10.2307/41164877 · DOI · Paper page
- Kreps, T. J., 1940, In An investigation of concentration of economic power for the temporary national economic committee (Monograph No. 7)
- Manne, H. G., 1972, The modern corporation and social responsibility
- Maslow, A. H., 1954, Motivation and personality
- McGuire, J. W., 1963, Business and society
- Preston, L. E., 1978, Research in corporate social performance and policy (Vol. 1)
- Preston, L. E., 1975, Private management and public policy: The principle of public responsibility
- Samuelson, P. A., 1971, Love that corporation
- Selekman, B., 1959, A moral philosophy for business
- 10.2307/41162149 · DOI · Paper page
- Steiner, G. A., 1971, Business and society
- 10.5465/amr.1983.4287703 · DOI
- 10.5465/amr.1995.9503271990 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.5465/amr.1981.4287982 · DOI · Paper page
- Votaw, D., 1973, The corporate dilemma
- Walton, C. C., 1967, Corporate social responsibilities
- 10.5465/amr.1985.4279099 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.5465/amr.1991.4279616 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.5465/amr.1979.4289095 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions
Kirchherr, J., Reike, D., & Hekkert, M. (2017) · Resources, Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005 · Cited by 8,550
Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda
Vial, G. (2019) · The Journal of Strategic Information Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003 · Cited by 7,337
Matten, D., & Moon, J. (2008) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2008.31193458 · Cited by 4,567
How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions
Dahlsrud, A. (2008) · Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management · doi:10.1002/csr.132 · Cited by 4,092
Godfrey, P. C. (2005) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2005.18378878 · Cited by 2,839
Metadata
- Authors
- Carroll, A. B.
- Venue
- Business & Society
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1999-09
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 268-295
- ISSN
- 0007-6503 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-4205
- OpenAlex
- W2130989233
- Cited by
- 6,316
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 31.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1177/000765039903800303
- The paper
- Carroll, A. B. (1999). Corporate Social Responsibility: Evolution of a Definitional Construct. Business & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/000765039903800303
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.