Mistrust in biomedical research and vaccine hesitancy: The forefront challenge in the battle against COVID-19 in Italy
Open accessAbstract
Researchers have been working quickly and collaboratively for the development of vaccines against the COVID-19 virus. The effort of the scientific community in searching a vaccine for COVID-19 may be hampered by a diffused vaccine hesitancy. Two waves of data collection on representative samples of the Italian population (during the "first" and "second" phase of the Italian Covid-19 mitigation strategy) were conducted to understand citizens' perceptions and behaviors about preventive behaviors willingness to vaccine for COVID-19. Our study shows that willingness to COVID-19 vaccine is correlated to trust in research and in vaccines, which decreased between phase 1 and phase 2 of the Italian pandemic. According to the results of our study, the proportion of citizens that seem to be intentioned to get the Covid-19 vaccine is probably too small to effectively stop the spreading of the disease. This requires to foster a climate of respectful mutual trust between science and society, where scientific knowledge is not only preached but also cultivated and sustained thanks to the emphatic understanding of citizens worries, needs of reassurance and health expectations.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy can be a decisive factor hindering the successful control of the pandemic.
“However, vaccine hesitancy can be a decisive factor that would hinder the successful control of the current COVID-19 pandemic [43,92].”
From COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates (2021) · cites this paper as [92]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Psychosocial impact of COVID-19
Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Lahiri, D., & Lavie, C. J. (2020) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035 · Cited by 1,958 · see citing works
COVID-19 outbreak: Migration, effects on society, global environment and prevention
Chakraborty, I., & Maity, P. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138882 · Cited by 1,801 · see citing works
High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Sanche, S., Lin, Y. T., Xu, C., Romero-Severson, E., Hengartner, N., & Ke, R. (2020) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2607.200282 · Cited by 1,619 · see citing works
Functional Fear Predicts Public Health Compliance in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Harper, C. A., Satchell, L. P., Fido, D., & Latzman, R. D. (2021) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00281-5 · Cited by 1,564 · see citing works
COVID-19 and smoking: A systematic review of the evidence
Vardavas, C. I., & Nikitara, K. (2020) · Tobacco Induced Diseases · doi:10.18332/tid/119324 · Cited by 1,387 · see citing works
Garfin, D. R., Silver, R. C., & Holman, E. A. (2020) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0000875 · Cited by 1,270 · see citing works
Schmid, P., Rauber, D., Betsch, C., Lidolt, G., & Denker, M.-L. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0170550 · Cited by 1,233 · see citing works
COVID-19: health literacy is an underestimated problem
Paakkari, L., & Okan, O. (2020) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30086-4 · Cited by 847 · see citing works
Partisanship, health behavior, and policy attitudes in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Gadarian, S. K., Goodman, S. W., & Pepinsky, T. B. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249596 · Cited by 744 · see citing works
Planning for a COVID-19 Vaccination Program
DeRoo, S. S., Pudalov, N., & Fu, L. Y. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8711 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Vaccine confidence in the time of COVID-19
Harrison, E. A., & Wu, J. W. (2020) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-020-00634-3 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
History in a Crisis — Lessons for Covid-19
Jones, D. S. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp2004361 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Parental vaccine hesitancy in Italy – Results from a national survey
Giambi, C., Fabiani, M., D’Ancona, F. “., Ferrara, L., Fiacchini, D., Gallo, T., Martinelli, D., Pascucci, M. G., Prato, R., Filia, A., et al. (2018) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.12.074 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Partisanship, Health Behavior, and Policy Attitudes in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 PandemicPreprint
Gadarian, S. K., Goodman, S. W., & Pepinsky, T. B. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3562796 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Learning and the transformative potential of citizen science
Bela, G., Peltola, T., Young, J. C., et al. (2016) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.12762 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Public Misunderstanding of Science? Reframing the Problem of Vaccine Hesitancy
Goldenberg, M. J. (2016) · Perspectives on Science · doi:10.1162/posc_a_00223 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Citizen science, public policy
Guerrini, C. J., Majumder, M. A., Lewellyn, M. J., & McGuire, A. L. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar8379 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Novel Coronavirus (COVID‐19) Epidemic: What Are the Risks for Older Patients?
Garnier‐Crussard, A., Forestier, E., Gilbert, T., & Krolak‐Salmon, P. (2020) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.16407 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Finding Effective Treatments for COVID-19
Goodman, J. L., & Borio, L. L. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.6434 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Science of the Future: Establishing a Citizen-Scientist Collaborative Agenda After Covid-19
Provenzi, L., & Barello, S. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00282 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationRazeghi, S., Amiri, P., Mohebbi, S. Z., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00006 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [19]Provenzi L Barello S The science of the future: establishing a citizen-scientist collaborative agenda after Covid-19 Front Public Health 2020 8 6 8 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00282 32582619 PMC7291379 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Worldwide: A Concise Systematic Review of Vaccine Acceptance Rates
Sallam, M. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9020160 · Cited by 2,128 · see citing works
Sallam, M., Dababseh, D., Eid, H., Al-Mahzoum, K., Al-Haidar, A., Taim, D., Yaseen, A., Ababneh, N. A., Bakri, F. G., & Mahafzah, A. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9010042 · Cited by 675 · see citing works
GRAFFIGNA, G., PALAMENGHI, L., SAVARESE, M., CASTELLINI, G., & BARELLO, S. (2021) · The Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12506 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationAnxiety and fear of COVID-19 as potential mechanisms to explain vaccine hesitancy among adults
Fadhel, F. H., Sufyan, N. S., Alqahtani, M. M. J., & Almaamari, A. A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1376567 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Palamenghi, L., Barello, S., Boccia, S., & Graffigna, G.
- Affiliations
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Graffigna, Guendalina
- Venue
- European Journal of Epidemiology
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 785-788
- ISSN
- 0393-2990 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7284
- PMC
- PMC7431109
- OpenAlex
- W3049479051
- Cited by
- 483
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 171 · 2021: 147 · 2020: 7
- FWCI
- 55.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- European Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fondazione Cariplo
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Risk Perception and Management
- Keywords
- COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, trust in research, vaccine trust, vaccine willingness, public perception of science, Italian population, preventive behavior
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Vaccines, Communication, Humans, Italy, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Pneumonia, Viral, Vaccination, Viral Vaccines, Coronavirus Infections, Trust, Biomedical Research, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
