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Negotiating Freedom in Florida: A Study of Ethnogenesis and Resistance at Three Nineteenth-Century Florida Sites
Abstract
Marronage was an extreme form of anti-slavery resistance in the Americas, however, we should not isolate Maroons from others fighting to maintain autonomy in the colonial Americas. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of three Florida sites – Bulow Plantation, an urban plantation in St. Augustine, and the Maroon settlement of Pilaklikaha – through the dual frameworks of resistance and ethnogenesis, with the purpose of placing Maroons within a regional context. Ultimately, the archaeological materials examined highlight the common experiences shared by Maroons and their enslaved peers, and emphasize the significant role played by opportunity in shaping African diasporic cultural transformations in the nineteenth century.
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“This pattern is indicative of a higher dependency on self-procured wild species at Bulow Plantation, which agrees with the model of wild species dependence established by a number of archaeologists working on slave sites in the antebellum South (Crader 1990; Franklin 2001; Kelso 1984; McFarlane 1975; McKee 1999; Otto…”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ibarrola, M. E.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ibarrola, Mary Elizabeth
- Venue
- International Journal of Historical Archaeology
- Published
- 2021-10-01
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 647-714
- ISSN
- 1092-7697 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7748
- OpenAlex
- W3202780748
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 322
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 1.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Historical Archaeology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Colonialism, slavery, and trade
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Race, History, and American Society
- Keywords
- maroonage, ethnogenesis, enslaved Africans, African diaspora, Augustine of Hippo, Florida, 19th century, plantation archaeology, autonomy, cultural change
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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