The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Structure of Anxiety and Depression in a Normative Sample of Younger and Older Australian Adolescents
Abstract
It has been reported that depression and anxiety have overlapping symptoms and are conceptually interrelated. One of the most prominent theoretical developments that explain this association is Clark and Watson's tripartite model (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100:316-336, 1991) that posits these two disorders and negative emotions share a latent component of negative affect (NA). The current study had two aims, (a) to compare a tripartite factor structure against competing models by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) (Lovibond and Lovibond 1995), and (b) explore the psychometric properties of the DASS-21. The DASS-21 was completed by a representative sample of 4039 young Australians, aged 12-18 years, as part of the South Australian Youth Mental Health Survey (SAYMHS), South Australia, Australia. The best fitting model for the data consisted of anhedonic depression, physiological hyperarousal, and general NA. The psychometric properties of the DASS-21 were excellent with a stable and interpretable factor structure and good internal consistency. The results of the current study suggest that the theoretical tripartite structure of depression and anxiety is robust and applicable among Australian youth. The diagnostic, clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
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“The symptom measure selected has been used and validated in a non-clinical adolescent population [47–49].”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy universal prevention program for adolescents: a feasibility study. (2017) · cites this paper as [49]
In the citing paper
“previous Australian normative data for that age group suggests that this score was indicative of a diagnosable depressive or anxiety disorder (Kessler et al., 2012; Tully, Zajac, & Venning, 2009).”
From A randomized controlled trial of strong minds: A school-based mental health program combining acceptance and commitment therapy and positive psychology (2016) · cites this paper as Tully, Zajac, & Venning, 2009
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Osman, A., Wong, J. L., Bagge, C. L., Freedenthal, S. L., Gutierrez, P. M., & Lozano, G. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.21908 · Cited by 1,097
Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after
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“Attempts to ascertain whether the stress scale measured a distinct syndrome or a general distress factor related to both depression and anxiety (likewise the Negative Affect postulated by the tripartite model, [6]) led to mixed results [7–9].”
BackgroundResultComorbidity of anxiety and depression in youth: Implications for treatment and prevention.
Garber, J., & Weersing, V. R. (2010) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.2010.01221.x · Cited by 649
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tully, P. J., Zajac, I. T., & Venning, A. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Zajac, Ian T.
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2009-02-24
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 717-726
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W2016690217
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 12.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- RUNE (Research UNE) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- anxiety, depression, tripartite model, negative affect, anhedonic depression, hyperarousal, factor structure, DASS-21, psychometric properties, adolescents, youth mental health, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Affect, Anxiety Disorders, Australia, Child, Depressive Disorder, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Comorbidity, Prevalence
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