The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST): sex differences
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The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST) (formally known as the Childhood Asperger Screening Test) identifies autism spectrum conditions by measuring social and communication skills. The present study explored the sex distribution of scores. The CAST was distributed to 11,635 children aged 4-9 years in Cambridgeshire primary schools (UK). 3,370 (29%) were returned. The median score was significantly higher in boys (median test, P < 0.001) (Boys, median = 5 (IQR: 3,8); girls, median = 4 (IQR: 2,6)). There was a predominance of boys (n = 81 (79.4%) over girls (n = 21 (20.6%)) amongst those scoring >or= 15. Exclusion of children with ASC did not significantly affect the results. We conclude that different profiles of social and communication skills in boys and girls must be taken into account when measuring these skills in the general population.
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Studies using questionnaire measures of autistic traits show a continuous distribution of scores, supporting the concept of a spectrum extending into the general population.
“Studies using questionnaire measures of autistic traits (e.g., the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers [Q-CHAT] [21], the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test [CAST] [22], and the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire [ASSQ] [23]) show a continuous distribution of scores, supporting the concept of a spectrum extending into the general population.”
From Subgrouping the Autism Spectrum: Reflections on DSM-5 (2013) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Williams, J. G., Allison, C., Scott, F. J., Bolton, P. F., Baron-Cohen, S., Matthews, F. E., & Brayne, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Allison, Carrie
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2008-04-12
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1731-1739
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W1966434553
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository@Hull (Worktribe) (University of Hull) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- sex differences, autism spectrum disorder, social skills, communication skills, screening, elementary school students, gender differences in autism
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Factors, Social Behavior
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