Inverse effects of oxytocin on attributing mental activity to others in depressed and healthy subjects: a double-blind placebo controlled FMRI study
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BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is a stress-attenuating and pro-social neuropeptide. To date, no study has looked at the effects of oxytocin in modulating brain activity in depressed individuals nor attempted to correlate this activity with attribution of mental activity in others. METHOD: We enrolled 10 unmedicated depressed adults and 10 matched healthy controls in a crossover, double blind placebo controlled fMRI 40 i.u. intra-nasal oxytocin study (20 i.u. per nostril). Each subject performed reading the mind in the eyes task (RMET) before and after inhalation of oxytocin or placebo control for a total of 80 scans. RESULTS: Before oxytocin administration, RMET engaged the medial and lateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala, insula and associative areas. Depressed subjects showed increased anterior ventral activation for the RMET minus gender identification contrast whereas matched controls showed increased dorsal and frontal activity. Compared to placebo, oxytocin in depressed subjects showed increased activity in the superior middle frontal gyrus and insula, while controls exhibited more activity in ventral regions. Oxytocin also led to inverse effects in reaction times on attribution task between groups, with controls getting faster and depressed individuals slower to respond. CONCLUSION: Depression is associated with increased paralimbic activity during emotional mental attribution of others, appearing to be distinctly modulated by oxytocin when compared to healthy controls. Further studies are needed to explore long-term exposure to pro-social neuropeptides on mood in depressed populations and assess their clinical relevance.
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During the RMET, depressed subjects show elevated subACC activity, indicating a more primary, impulsive way of mentalizing.
“During RMET, depressed subjects show elevated subACC activity, indicating a more primary, impulsive way of mentalizing (Pincus et al., 2010).”
From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Pincus et al., 2010
In depressed patients, intranasal oxytocin administration led to enhanced neuronal activation within the insula during presentation of emotional faces and decreased the ability to ignore sad faces, suggesting that oxytocin can enhance neural representation of affective states and enhance empathic concern.
“In depressed patients, intranasal oxytocin administration led to enhanced neuronal activation within the insula during presentation of emotional faces (Pincus et al., 2010) and decreased the ability to ignore sad faces (Ellenbogen et al., 2013), suggesting that oxytocin can enhance neural representation of affective states and enhance empathic concern.”
From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Pincus et al., 2010
Increasing the number of emotions examined for identification may engage supplementary neural regions primarily related to theory of mind that may be hard to disentangle from neural regions predominantly affected in the identification of basic emotions.
“this type of complexity may engage supplementary neural regions (primarily related to ToM) that may be hard to disentangle from neural regions that are predominantly affected in the identification of basic emotions.”
From Systematic review of the neural basis of social cognition in patients with mood disorders (2012) · cites this paper as [197]
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- Vogeley K. Bussfeld P. Newen A. Herrmann S. Happe F. Falkai P. Maier W. Shah N. J. Fink G. R. Zilles K. (2001b). Mind reading: neural mechanisms of theory of mind and self-perspective. Neuroimage 14, 170– 181 10.1006/nimg.2001.0789 11525326 · DOI · Paper page
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- Authors
- Pincus, D.
- Affiliations
- Summa Health System (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pincus, David
- ORCID
- Pincus, David
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 1
- Pages
- 134-134
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3059627
- OpenAlex
- W2125687194
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hope for Depression Research Foundation
- Medical University of South Carolina
- University of South Carolina
- National Institute of Mental Health (1K08MH70615-01A1, K08MH070615)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- oxytocin, depression, mental state attribution, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, paralimbic system, insula, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, reaction time
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