Characterizing Objective Quality of Life and Normative Outcomes in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Latent Class Analysis
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This study aims to extend the definition of quality of life (QoL) for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 180, ages 23-60) by: (1) characterizing the heterogeneity of normative outcomes (employment, independent living, social engagement) and objective QoL (physical health, neighborhood quality, family contact, mental health issues); and (2) identifying predictors of positive normative outcomes and good objective QoL. Findings of an exploratory latent class analysis identified three groups of adults with ASD-Greater Dependence, Good Physical and Mental Health, and Greater Independence. Findings indicate that better daily living skills, better executive function, and more maternal warmth are associated with assignment to better outcome groups. Findings have implications for interventions designed to enhance achievement of normative outcomes and objective QoL.
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When aggregating across domains of life, many adults with ASD have 'poor' or 'very poor' outcomes.
“When aggregating across these domains of life, many adults with ASD have ' poor ' or ' very poor ' outcomes 223,224 .”
From Autism spectrum disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [224]
Many autistic adults have difficulties with their physical, emotional and material wellbeing, which can require ongoing support.
“Many also have difficulties with their physical, emotional and material wellbeing, which can require ongoing support (Billstedt et al. 2011;Bishop-Fitzpatrick et al. 2016;Renty and Roeyers 2006).”
From Childhood Executive Function Predicts Later Autistic Features and Adaptive Behavior in Young Autistic People: a 12-Year Prospective Study (2019) · cites this paper as Bishop-Fitzpatrick et al. 2016
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“Last, almost all existing studies have focused on single age groups, predominantly children (Bishop-Fitzpatrick et al., 2018), even though autism is a lifelong condition for which QoL reductions have been shown to persist into later adulthood (Graham Holmes et al., 2020; Mason et al., 2019; van…”
BackgroundChild and Adult Factors Related to Quality of Life in Adults with Autism
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- Authors
- Bishop-Fitzpatrick, L., Hong, J., Smith, L. E., Makuch, R. A., Greenberg, J. S., & Mailick, M. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- ORCID
- Hong, Jinkuk
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2016-05-20
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2707-2719
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC5039043
- OpenAlex
- W2397380280
- Cited by
- 142
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 8.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG08768)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32 HD07489)
- Autism Speaks (7724)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, autistic adults, quality of life, employment, independent living, social engagement, daily living skills, executive function, maternal warmth, mental health, physical health, neighborhood quality, family contact, outcome heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Employment, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Executive Function, Independent Living
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