Adaptive behavior in youth with autism spectrum disorder: The role of flexibility
Abstract
Cognitive and behavioral flexibility are important predictors of adaptive behavior in school-age autistic youth. While prior research has utilized broad measures of flexibility, the current study uses the multi-dimensional Flexibility Scale-Revised to examine which specific flexibility skills relate to adaptive functioning. Through parent-report measures on 216 autistic youth, flexibility explained 22.2% of variance in adaptive socialization skills (p < 0.001). Specifically, Social Flexibility accounted for significant variance in adaptive socialization skills, while Transitions/Change approached significance. In exploratory analyses, flexibility explained 11.5% of variance in Communication skills (p < 0.001). This pattern remained after controlling for co-occurring ADHD symptoms. The current study helps to refine the relationship between flexibility and adaptive behavior, which may ultimately help to inform more targeted interventions.
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In youth with ASD aged 7 to 17 years, flexibility assessed by parent report explained 22.2% of the variance in adaptive socialization skills.
“In youth with ASD (7–17 years), flexibility assessed by parent-report explained 22.2% of the variance in adaptive socialization skills (79), suggesting that the ability to function independently in everyday life is linked to flexibility.”
From Brain Mechanisms Supporting Flexible Cognition and Behavior in Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder (2021) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Bertollo, J. R., Strang, J. F., Anthony, L. G., Kenworthy, L., Wallace, G. L., & Yerys, B. E.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
- Children's National (US)
- George Washington University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bertollo, Jennifer R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2019-09-13
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 42-50
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2972858264
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6
- FWCI
- 3.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Isadore and Bertha Gudelsky Family Foundation (P30H0040677)
- National Institute for Health (K23MH086111, R21MH092615, RC1MH088791, P30HD026979)
- Pennsylvania State Department of Health (SAP #4100042728, SAP # 4100047863)
- Philadelphia Foundation (N/A)
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (#6672)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, adaptive behavior, cognitive flexibility, behavioral flexibility, social flexibility, communication skills, ADHD comorbidity
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Socialization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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