Investigating how Explicit Contextual Cues Affect Predictive Sensorimotor Control in Autistic Adults
Open accessAbstract
Research suggests that sensorimotor difficulties in autism could be reduced by providing individuals with explicit contextual information. To test this, we examined autistic visuomotor control during a virtual racquetball task, in which participants hit normal and unexpectedly-bouncy balls using a handheld controller. The probability of facing each type of ball was varied unpredictably over time. However, during cued trials, participants received explicit information about the likelihood of facing each uncertain outcome. When compared to neurotypical controls, autistic individuals displayed poorer task performance, atypical gaze profiles, and more restricted swing kinematics. These visuomotor patterns were not significantly affected by contextual cues, indicating that autistic people exhibit underlying differences in how prior information and environmental uncertainty are dynamically modulated during movement tasks.
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Arthur and colleagues found decreased influence of tonic volatility based on gaze pitch angle in autistic compared to non-autistic adults when playing tennis in virtual reality.
“However, Arthur and colleagues [17] found decreased influence of tonic volatility based on gaze pitch angle in autistic compared to non-autistic adults when playing tennis in virtual reality.”
From Predicting emotional valence in autism: a preregistered study in the Bayesian Brain framework (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
The Results > Gaze Responses section reports a smaller change in gaze pitch angle for autistic than neurotypical adults when explicit probabilistic cues were provided. It does not identify this difference as a decreased influence of tonic volatility; the Results > Manipulation Checks section says volatile conditions raised fixation height in both groups. The Methods describe the VR task as racquetball, not tennis (page numbers unavailable). (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe HGF workflow included extraction of empirical priors from pilot and Lawson data, parameter recovery, model identifiability, posterior predictive checks, and random-effect Bayesian model comparison.
“The workflow includes the extraction of empirical priors from a combination of our pilot data and the data shared from Lawson et al. [17], parameter recovery and model identifiability based on simulated data, posterior predictive checks and random-effect analysis Bayesian model comparison as implemented in the VBA toolbox [41].”
From Predicting emotional valence in autism: a preregistered study in the Bayesian Brain framework (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
The Methods > Data Analysis passages (page unavailable) say Lawson et al. data informed a G*Power sample-size calculation and describe mixed-model ANOVAs and Bayes factors computed in JASP. Searches for HGF, empirical priors, parameter recovery, posterior predictive checks, and the VBA toolbox found no passage describing the claimed workflow. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNo differences in tonic volatility extracted from behaviour were found in the Wisconsin card-sorting task or grip force in a size weight illusion task.
“Furthermore, no differences in tonic volatility extracted from the behaviour were found in the Wisconsin card-sorting task [16] or grip force in a size weight illusion task [17].”
From Predicting emotional valence in autism: a preregistered study in the Bayesian Brain framework (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
The citation [17] is attached to the claim about grip force in a size–weight illusion task. The Methods (Data Analysis; page unavailable) describe a virtual racquetball interception task and hand-controller kinematics, not grip force. Searches for the size–weight illusion and behaviourally extracted tonic volatility found no passage addressing that claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Testing predictive coding theories of autism spectrum disorder using models of active inference
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“Indeed, although the location of predictive gaze fixations may generally be atypical in autistic individuals during interceptive motor tasks, their visual sampling behaviours are still strongly driven by prior expectations [43] and are sensitive to explicit cues about likely ball bounciness [77].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationPredicting emotional valence in autism: a preregistered study in the Bayesian Brain framework
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“The perceptual and response model are fitted in an iterative process to determine the most probable parameter values given sensory inputs and observed responses [9, 17, 20].”
Influential
- Authors
- Arthur, T., Brosnan, M., Harris, D., Buckingham, G., Wilson, M., Williams, G., & Vine, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of Bath (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Arthur, Tom
- Vine, Sam
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2022-09-05
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 4368-4381
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- PMC
- PMC10539449
- OpenAlex
- W4294636893
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
- PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/P000630/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, sensorimotor control, visuomotor control, contextual cues, predictive control, environmental uncertainty, swing kinematics, gaze behavior, prior information
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Autistic Disorder, Biomechanical Phenomena, Cues, Humans, Uncertainty
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