Cited by 643Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentParental Involvement in EducationMotivation and Self-Concept in Sports

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Helping or Hovering? The Effects of Helicopter Parenting on College Students’ Well-Being

Schiffrin, Holly H., Liss, Miriam, Miles-McLean, Haley, Geary, Katherine A., Erchull, Mindy J., Tashner, Taryn·2014·Journal of Child and Family Studies

DOI 10.1007/s10826-013-9716-3

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“Consistent with previous research, parental interference diminishes adolescents’ autonomy and motivation, fostering indecision and uncertainty that undermine their sense of competence and career decision self-efficacy (Farina et al., 2020; Li et al., 2022; Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
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“Specifically, individuals bearing over-parenting are more likely to pertain higher career exploration goal disengagement [8] and engage in less career exploration behavior [19].”
BackgroundInfluential
DEĞİŞEN DÜNYADA YENİ BİR EBEVEYNLİK YAKLAŞIMI: HELİKOPTER EBEVEYNLİK
Özdemir, M. B. (2023) · Alanyazın · doi:10.59320/alanyazin.1286311 · Cited by 10
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Nguyen, Q., Madison, S., Ekas, N. V., & Kouros, C. D. (2024) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/21676968241254565 · Cited by 13
“…behavior was positively related to all emotion dysregulation domains and indirectly linked to all mental health issues, consistent with previous research highlighting the importance of parents ’ autonomy support to emerging adults ’ well-being (Kouros et al., 2017; Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
Influential
Mentalized Affectivity, Helicopter Parenting, and Psychopathological Risk in Emerging Adults: A Network Analysis
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“Research has also suggested that helicopter parenting may affect the development and well-being of emerging adults (e.g., [46,48–50]) when it is expected that they reach higher levels of autonomy and exploration, alongside greater independence in decision-making and finances, the adoption of adult…”
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“Although not predicted, the finding that liberal arts respondents reported achieving less independence could reflect a number of factors: these students might be more connected to their parents (Schiffrin et al., 2014), more likely to live on campus, and less likely to work while attending college.”
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“이는 독립성과 자율성의 성취가 이루어져야 할 대학생 자녀에 대한 부모의 태도가 아동기 때와 다름없이 보호, 간섭, 통제에 기반한 양육으로 나타나는 현상 을 반영한다(Padilla-Walker & Nelson, 2012; Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
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Arlinghaus, K. R., Hahn, S. L., Larson, N., Eisenberg, M. E., Berge, J. M., & Neumark‐Sztainer, D. (2023) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/21676968231171317 · Cited by 10
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“Such differences were especially surprising since, similarly to other studies [8,16,27], we found that rates of helicopter parenting were significantly higher among mothers compared to fathers.”
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Chen, Y.-F., Xia, Y., Ren, M., Zheng, W., Wang, X., & Gao, F. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s373292 · Cited by 6
“14,15 Social avoidance is also characterized by higher levels of social anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity.”
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“If this need for autonomy is not met due to excessive parental control and overprotection (e.g., helicopter parenting), it can negatively impact mental health, academic performance, and decision-making skills (Luebbe et al., 2018; Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
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“Fourth, apart from the detrimental role of punitive parenting, recent studies demonstrated that helicopter parenting was negatively associated with child wellbeing (e.g., Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
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“In the case of so called empathic vampirism (75), individuals experience the world vicariously through others and thus share their emotions, but without considering their interests.”
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“Furthermore, it should be considered that parental overinvolvement is not viewed favorably in higher education (Schiffrin et al., 2014), since this is a stage when young adults begin to yearn for more autonomy from their parents (Lowe & Dotterer, 2017).”
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“The loss of autonomy among college students caused by helicopter parenting has been backed up by a body of research (Carr et al., 2021; Schiffrin et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2021).”
Autonomy and risk perception in Congo Basin developmental systems
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“Other studies show that helicopter parenting (another synonym for intensive parenting) is linked with depression and anxiety among adolescents (Vigdal & Br ø nnick, 2022) and undermines college students ’ sense of competence and autonomy (Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
An fsQCA approach to identifying pathways to K-9 students’ online learning engagement
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“…as higher levels of depression and anxiety, less perseverance, and less competence in managing stress (Gibbs, 2009; Marano, 2008; hofer & Moore, 2010). schiffrin et al. (2013) suggested that the type of parental involvement, rather than the amount, is crucial in determining children’s outcomes.”
The effects of overparenting on depression, anxiety, and stress in adolescents: moderating effects of school connectedness and gender differences
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Intensive mothering—Different repertoires, same goal
Hašková, H., & Dudová, R. (2025) · Journal of Family Studies · doi:10.1080/13229400.2025.2487004 · Cited by 7
“These four repertoires correspond, to some extent, to parenting concepts described in popular literature of US origin (Chua, 2011; Schiffrin et al., 2014; Sears & Sears, 2001; Skenazy, 2009).”
Profiles of family routines during adolescence associated with profiles of health behaviors in young adulthood
Abar, C. C., Koban, K., Farnett, S., Mendola, K., & Clark, G. (2017) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105317726149 · Cited by 6
“It is also possible that for some youth, High Involvement families might be perceived as intrusive or hovering, leading to a negative pattern of young adult health behaviors as a reaction to a perceived need for autonomy (Schiffrin et al., 2014).”
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Helikopter Anne Tutumları: Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Doyumları ve Psikolojik İyi Oluşları Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Rolü
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Promoting Positive Outcomes in Higher Education: Supporting Undergraduate Student Mental Health and Well-Being
Mulvogue, J., Ryan, C. L., Hunt, S., et al. (2022) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2022.2116136 · Cited by 6
Around the house: A descriptive study of attachment styles, living arrangement, and involvement in undergraduate commuter students
Sasso, P. A., & Paladini, A. (2021) · doi:10.52499/2021019 · Cited by 6
Helicopter Parenting and the Policy Attitudes of College Students
Milita, K., & Bunch, J. A. (2017) · PS Political Science & Politics · doi:10.1017/s1049096516002808 · Cited by 6

Authors: Schiffrin, H. H., Liss, M., Miles-McLean, H., Geary, K. A., Erchull, M. J., & Tashner, T.
Affiliations: University of Mary Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Schiffrin, Holly H.
ORCID: Schiffrin, Holly H.
Liss, Miriam
Venue: Journal of Child and Family Studies
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-02-09
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Pages: 548-557
ISSN: 1062-1024 (ISSN-L)
1573-2843
DOI: 10.1007/s10826-013-9716-3
OpenAlex: W2148614134
Semantic Scholar: 51a82ba44b5cc9cc3d3d7fdb455460359642098d
Cited by: 643
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 54 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 69 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 4
FWCI: 23.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Child and Family Studies (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Education › Parental Involvement in Education
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Keywords: helicopter parenting, university students, psychological well-being, self-determination theory, autonomy support, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, basic psychological needs, autonomy, competence, parental involvement

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Helping or Hovering? The Effects of Helicopter Parenting on College Students’ Well-Being

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